FFmpeg/libavformat/avformat.h

/*
 * copyright (c) 2001 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#ifndef FFMPEG_AVFORMAT_H
#define FFMPEG_AVFORMAT_H

#define LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_INT ((52<<16)+(3<<8)+0)
#define LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION     52.3.0
#define LIBAVFORMAT_BUILD       LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_INT

#define LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT       "Lavf" AV_STRINGIFY(LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION)

#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>  /* FILE */
#include "avcodec.h"

#include "avio.h"

/* packet functions */

typedef struct AVPacket {
    int64_t pts;                            ///< presentation time stamp in time_base units
    int64_t dts;                            ///< decompression time stamp in time_base units
    uint8_t *data;
    int   size;
    int   stream_index;
    int   flags;
    int   duration;                         ///< presentation duration in time_base units (0 if not available)
    void  (*destruct)(struct AVPacket *);
    void  *priv;
    int64_t pos;                            ///< byte position in stream, -1 if unknown
} AVPacket;
#define PKT_FLAG_KEY   0x0001

void av_destruct_packet_nofree(AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Default packet destructor.
 */
void av_destruct_packet(AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Initialize optional fields of a packet to default values.
 *
 * @param pkt packet
 */
void av_init_packet(AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Allocate the payload of a packet and initialize its fields to default values.
 *
 * @param pkt packet
 * @param size wanted payload size
 * @return 0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx otherwise.
 */
int av_new_packet(AVPacket *pkt, int size);

/**
 * Allocate and read the payload of a packet and initialize its fields to default values.
 *
 * @param pkt packet
 * @param size wanted payload size
 * @return >0 (read size) if OK. AVERROR_xxx otherwise.
 */
int av_get_packet(ByteIOContext *s, AVPacket *pkt, int size);

/**
 * @warning This is a hack - the packet memory allocation stuff is broken. The
 * packet is allocated if it was not really allocated
 */
int av_dup_packet(AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Free a packet
 *
 * @param pkt packet to free
 */
static inline void av_free_packet(AVPacket *pkt)
{
    if (pkt && pkt->destruct) {
        pkt->destruct(pkt);
    }
}

/*************************************************/
/* fractional numbers for exact pts handling */

/**
 * the exact value of the fractional number is: 'val + num / den'.
 * num is assumed to be such as 0 <= num < den
 * @deprecated Use AVRational instead
*/
typedef struct AVFrac {
    int64_t val, num, den;
} AVFrac attribute_deprecated;

/*************************************************/
/* input/output formats */

struct AVCodecTag;

struct AVFormatContext;

/** this structure contains the data a format has to probe a file */
typedef struct AVProbeData {
    const char *filename;
    unsigned char *buf;
    int buf_size;
} AVProbeData;

#define AVPROBE_SCORE_MAX 100               ///< max score, half of that is used for file extension based detection
#define AVPROBE_PADDING_SIZE 32             ///< extra allocated bytes at the end of the probe buffer

typedef struct AVFormatParameters {
    AVRational time_base;
    int sample_rate;
    int channels;
    int width;
    int height;
    enum PixelFormat pix_fmt;
    int channel; /**< used to select dv channel */
    const char *standard; /**< tv standard, NTSC, PAL, SECAM */
    int mpeg2ts_raw:1;  /**< force raw MPEG2 transport stream output, if possible */
    int mpeg2ts_compute_pcr:1; /**< compute exact PCR for each transport
                                  stream packet (only meaningful if
                                  mpeg2ts_raw is TRUE) */
    int initial_pause:1;       /**< do not begin to play the stream
                                  immediately (RTSP only) */
    int prealloced_context:1;
#if LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_INT < (53<<16)
    enum CodecID video_codec_id;
    enum CodecID audio_codec_id;
#endif
} AVFormatParameters;

//! demuxer will use url_fopen, no opened file should be provided by the caller
#define AVFMT_NOFILE        0x0001
#define AVFMT_NEEDNUMBER    0x0002 /**< needs '%d' in filename */
#define AVFMT_SHOW_IDS      0x0008 /**< show format stream IDs numbers */
#define AVFMT_RAWPICTURE    0x0020 /**< format wants AVPicture structure for
                                      raw picture data */
#define AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER  0x0040 /**< format wants global header */
#define AVFMT_NOTIMESTAMPS  0x0080 /**< format does not need / have any timestamps */
#define AVFMT_GENERIC_INDEX 0x0100 /**< use generic index building code */

typedef struct AVOutputFormat {
    const char *name;
    const char *long_name;
    const char *mime_type;
    const char *extensions; /**< comma separated filename extensions */
    /** size of private data so that it can be allocated in the wrapper */
    int priv_data_size;
    /* output support */
    enum CodecID audio_codec; /**< default audio codec */
    enum CodecID video_codec; /**< default video codec */
    int (*write_header)(struct AVFormatContext *);
    int (*write_packet)(struct AVFormatContext *, AVPacket *pkt);
    int (*write_trailer)(struct AVFormatContext *);
    /** can use flags: AVFMT_NOFILE, AVFMT_NEEDNUMBER, AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER */
    int flags;
    /** currently only used to set pixel format if not YUV420P */
    int (*set_parameters)(struct AVFormatContext *, AVFormatParameters *);
    int (*interleave_packet)(struct AVFormatContext *, AVPacket *out, AVPacket *in, int flush);

    /**
     * list of supported codec_id-codec_tag pairs, ordered by "better choice first"
     * the arrays are all CODEC_ID_NONE terminated
     */
    const struct AVCodecTag **codec_tag;

    enum CodecID subtitle_codec; /**< default subtitle codec */

    /* private fields */
    struct AVOutputFormat *next;
} AVOutputFormat;

typedef struct AVInputFormat {
    const char *name;
    const char *long_name;
    /** size of private data so that it can be allocated in the wrapper */
    int priv_data_size;
    /**
     * Tell if a given file has a chance of being parsed by this format.
     * The buffer provided is guaranteed to be AVPROBE_PADDING_SIZE bytes
     * big so you do not have to check for that unless you need more.
     */
    int (*read_probe)(AVProbeData *);
    /** read the format header and initialize the AVFormatContext
       structure. Return 0 if OK. 'ap' if non NULL contains
       additional paramters. Only used in raw format right
       now. 'av_new_stream' should be called to create new streams.  */
    int (*read_header)(struct AVFormatContext *,
                       AVFormatParameters *ap);
    /** read one packet and put it in 'pkt'. pts and flags are also
       set. 'av_new_stream' can be called only if the flag
       AVFMTCTX_NOHEADER is used. */
    int (*read_packet)(struct AVFormatContext *, AVPacket *pkt);
    /** close the stream. The AVFormatContext and AVStreams are not
       freed by this function */
    int (*read_close)(struct AVFormatContext *);
    /**
     * seek to a given timestamp relative to the frames in
     * stream component stream_index
     * @param stream_index must not be -1
     * @param flags selects which direction should be preferred if no exact
     *              match is available
     * @return >= 0 on success (but not necessarily the new offset)
     */
    int (*read_seek)(struct AVFormatContext *,
                     int stream_index, int64_t timestamp, int flags);
    /**
     * gets the next timestamp in AV_TIME_BASE units.
     */
    int64_t (*read_timestamp)(struct AVFormatContext *s, int stream_index,
                              int64_t *pos, int64_t pos_limit);
    /** can use flags: AVFMT_NOFILE, AVFMT_NEEDNUMBER */
    int flags;
    /** if extensions are defined, then no probe is done. You should
       usually not use extension format guessing because it is not
       reliable enough */
    const char *extensions;
    /** general purpose read only value that the format can use */
    int value;

    /** start/resume playing - only meaningful if using a network based format
       (RTSP) */
    int (*read_play)(struct AVFormatContext *);

    /** pause playing - only meaningful if using a network based format
       (RTSP) */
    int (*read_pause)(struct AVFormatContext *);

    const struct AVCodecTag **codec_tag;

    /* private fields */
    struct AVInputFormat *next;
} AVInputFormat;

enum AVStreamParseType {
    AVSTREAM_PARSE_NONE,
    AVSTREAM_PARSE_FULL,       /**< full parsing and repack */
    AVSTREAM_PARSE_HEADERS,    /**< only parse headers, don't repack */
    AVSTREAM_PARSE_TIMESTAMPS, /**< full parsing and interpolation of timestamps for frames not starting on packet boundary */
};

typedef struct AVIndexEntry {
    int64_t pos;
    int64_t timestamp;
#define AVINDEX_KEYFRAME 0x0001
    int flags:2;
    int size:30; //Yeah, trying to keep the size of this small to reduce memory requirements (it is 24 vs 32 byte due to possible 8byte align).
    int min_distance;         /**< min distance between this and the previous keyframe, used to avoid unneeded searching */
} AVIndexEntry;

/**
 * Stream structure.
 * New fields can be added to the end with minor version bumps.
 * Removal, reordering and changes to existing fields require a major
 * version bump.
 * sizeof(AVStream) must not be used outside libav*.
 */
typedef struct AVStream {
    int index;    /**< stream index in AVFormatContext */
    int id;       /**< format specific stream id */
    AVCodecContext *codec; /**< codec context */
    /**
     * Real base frame rate of the stream.
     * This is the lowest frame rate with which all timestamps can be
     * represented accurately (it is the least common multiple of all
     * frame rates in the stream), Note, this value is just a guess!
     * For example if the timebase is 1/90000 and all frames have either
     * approximately 3600 or 1800 timer ticks then r_frame_rate will be 50/1.
     */
    AVRational r_frame_rate;
    void *priv_data;

    /* internal data used in av_find_stream_info() */
    int64_t first_dts;
    /** encoding: PTS generation when outputing stream */
    struct AVFrac pts;

    /**
     * This is the fundamental unit of time (in seconds) in terms
     * of which frame timestamps are represented. For fixed-fps content,
     * timebase should be 1/frame rate and timestamp increments should be
     * identically 1.
     */
    AVRational time_base;
    int pts_wrap_bits; /**< number of bits in pts (used for wrapping control) */
    /* ffmpeg.c private use */
    int stream_copy; /**< if set, just copy stream */
    enum AVDiscard discard; ///< selects which packets can be discarded at will and do not need to be demuxed
    //FIXME move stuff to a flags field?
    /** quality, as it has been removed from AVCodecContext and put in AVVideoFrame
     * MN: dunno if that is the right place for it */
    float quality;
    /**
     * Decoding: pts of the first frame of the stream, in stream time base.
     * Only set this if you are absolutely 100% sure that the value you set
     * it to really is the pts of the first frame.
     * This may be undefined (AV_NOPTS_VALUE).
     * @note The ASF header does NOT contain a correct start_time the ASF
     * demuxer must NOT set this.
     */
    int64_t start_time;
    /**
     * Decoding: duration of the stream, in stream time base.
     * If a source file does not specify a duration, but does specify
     * a bitrate, this value will be estimates from bit rate and file size.
     */
    int64_t duration;

    char language[4]; /** ISO 639 3-letter language code (empty string if undefined) */

    /* av_read_frame() support */
    enum AVStreamParseType need_parsing;
    struct AVCodecParserContext *parser;

    int64_t cur_dts;
    int last_IP_duration;
    int64_t last_IP_pts;
    /* av_seek_frame() support */
    AVIndexEntry *index_entries; /**< only used if the format does not
                                    support seeking natively */
    int nb_index_entries;
    unsigned int index_entries_allocated_size;

    int64_t nb_frames;                 ///< number of frames in this stream if known or 0

#define MAX_REORDER_DELAY 4
    int64_t pts_buffer[MAX_REORDER_DELAY+1];
} AVStream;

#define AV_PROGRAM_RUNNING 1

/**
 * New fields can be added to the end with minor version bumps.
 * Removal, reordering and changes to existing fields require a major
 * version bump.
 * sizeof(AVProgram) must not be used outside libav*.
 */
typedef struct AVProgram {
    int            id;
    char           *provider_name; ///< Network name for DVB streams
    char           *name;          ///< Service name for DVB streams
    int            flags;
    enum AVDiscard discard;        ///< selects which program to discard and which to feed to the caller
    unsigned int   *stream_index;
    unsigned int   nb_stream_indexes;
} AVProgram;

#define AVFMTCTX_NOHEADER      0x0001 /**< signal that no header is present
                                         (streams are added dynamically) */

#define MAX_STREAMS 20

/**
 * format I/O context.
 * New fields can be added to the end with minor version bumps.
 * Removal, reordering and changes to existing fields require a major
 * version bump.
 * sizeof(AVFormatContext) must not be used outside libav*.
 */
typedef struct AVFormatContext {
    const AVClass *av_class; /**< set by av_alloc_format_context */
    /* can only be iformat or oformat, not both at the same time */
    struct AVInputFormat *iformat;
    struct AVOutputFormat *oformat;
    void *priv_data;
    ByteIOContext *pb;
    unsigned int nb_streams;
    AVStream *streams[MAX_STREAMS];
    char filename[1024]; /**< input or output filename */
    /* stream info */
    int64_t timestamp;
    char title[512];
    char author[512];
    char copyright[512];
    char comment[512];
    char album[512];
    int year;  /**< ID3 year, 0 if none */
    int track; /**< track number, 0 if none */
    char genre[32]; /**< ID3 genre */

    int ctx_flags; /**< format specific flags, see AVFMTCTX_xx */
    /* private data for pts handling (do not modify directly) */
    /** This buffer is only needed when packets were already buffered but
       not decoded, for example to get the codec parameters in mpeg
       streams */
    struct AVPacketList *packet_buffer;

    /** decoding: position of the first frame of the component, in
       AV_TIME_BASE fractional seconds. NEVER set this value directly:
       it is deduced from the AVStream values.  */
    int64_t start_time;
    /** decoding: duration of the stream, in AV_TIME_BASE fractional
       seconds. NEVER set this value directly: it is deduced from the
       AVStream values.  */
    int64_t duration;
    /** decoding: total file size. 0 if unknown */
    int64_t file_size;
    /** decoding: total stream bitrate in bit/s, 0 if not
       available. Never set it directly if the file_size and the
       duration are known as ffmpeg can compute it automatically. */
    int bit_rate;

    /* av_read_frame() support */
    AVStream *cur_st;
    const uint8_t *cur_ptr;
    int cur_len;
    AVPacket cur_pkt;

    /* av_seek_frame() support */
    int64_t data_offset; /** offset of the first packet */
    int index_built;

    int mux_rate;
    int packet_size;
    int preload;
    int max_delay;

#define AVFMT_NOOUTPUTLOOP -1
#define AVFMT_INFINITEOUTPUTLOOP 0
    /** number of times to loop output in formats that support it */
    int loop_output;

    int flags;
#define AVFMT_FLAG_GENPTS       0x0001 ///< generate pts if missing even if it requires parsing future frames
#define AVFMT_FLAG_IGNIDX       0x0002 ///< ignore index
#define AVFMT_FLAG_NONBLOCK     0x0004 ///< do not block when reading packets from input

    int loop_input;
    /** decoding: size of data to probe; encoding unused */
    unsigned int probesize;

    /**
     * maximum duration in AV_TIME_BASE units over which the input should be analyzed in av_find_stream_info()
     */
    int max_analyze_duration;

    const uint8_t *key;
    int keylen;

    unsigned int nb_programs;
    AVProgram **programs;

    /**
     * Forced video codec_id.
     * demuxing: set by user
     */
    enum CodecID video_codec_id;
    /**
     * Forced audio codec_id.
     * demuxing: set by user
     */
    enum CodecID audio_codec_id;
    /**
     * Forced subtitle codec_id.
     * demuxing: set by user
     */
    enum CodecID subtitle_codec_id;
} AVFormatContext;

typedef struct AVPacketList {
    AVPacket pkt;
    struct AVPacketList *next;
} AVPacketList;

#if LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION_INT < (53<<16)
extern AVInputFormat *first_iformat;
extern AVOutputFormat *first_oformat;
#endif

AVInputFormat  *av_iformat_next(AVInputFormat  *f);
AVOutputFormat *av_oformat_next(AVOutputFormat *f);

enum CodecID av_guess_image2_codec(const char *filename);

/* XXX: use automatic init with either ELF sections or C file parser */
/* modules */

/* utils.c */
void av_register_input_format(AVInputFormat *format);
void av_register_output_format(AVOutputFormat *format);
AVOutputFormat *guess_stream_format(const char *short_name,
                                    const char *filename, const char *mime_type);
AVOutputFormat *guess_format(const char *short_name,
                             const char *filename, const char *mime_type);

/**
 * Guesses the codec id based upon muxer and filename.
 */
enum CodecID av_guess_codec(AVOutputFormat *fmt, const char *short_name,
                            const char *filename, const char *mime_type, enum CodecType type);

/**
 * Send a nice hexadecimal dump of a buffer to the specified file stream.
 *
 * @param f The file stream pointer where the dump should be sent to.
 * @param buf buffer
 * @param size buffer size
 *
 * @see av_hex_dump_log, av_pkt_dump, av_pkt_dump_log
 */
void av_hex_dump(FILE *f, uint8_t *buf, int size);

/**
 * Send a nice hexadecimal dump of a buffer to the log.
 *
 * @param avcl A pointer to an arbitrary struct of which the first field is a
 * pointer to an AVClass struct.
 * @param level The importance level of the message, lower values signifying
 * higher importance.
 * @param buf buffer
 * @param size buffer size
 *
 * @see av_hex_dump, av_pkt_dump, av_pkt_dump_log
 */
void av_hex_dump_log(void *avcl, int level, uint8_t *buf, int size);

/**
 * Send a nice dump of a packet to the specified file stream.
 *
 * @param f The file stream pointer where the dump should be sent to.
 * @param pkt packet to dump
 * @param dump_payload true if the payload must be displayed too
 */
void av_pkt_dump(FILE *f, AVPacket *pkt, int dump_payload);

/**
 * Send a nice dump of a packet to the log.
 *
 * @param avcl A pointer to an arbitrary struct of which the first field is a
 * pointer to an AVClass struct.
 * @param level The importance level of the message, lower values signifying
 * higher importance.
 * @param pkt packet to dump
 * @param dump_payload true if the payload must be displayed too
 */
void av_pkt_dump_log(void *avcl, int level, AVPacket *pkt, int dump_payload);

void av_register_all(void);

/** codec tag <-> codec id */
enum CodecID av_codec_get_id(const struct AVCodecTag **tags, unsigned int tag);
unsigned int av_codec_get_tag(const struct AVCodecTag **tags, enum CodecID id);

/* media file input */

/**
 * finds AVInputFormat based on input format's short name.
 */
AVInputFormat *av_find_input_format(const char *short_name);

/**
 * Guess file format.
 *
 * @param is_opened whether the file is already opened, determines whether
 *                  demuxers with or without AVFMT_NOFILE are probed
 */
AVInputFormat *av_probe_input_format(AVProbeData *pd, int is_opened);

/**
 * Allocates all the structures needed to read an input stream.
 *        This does not open the needed codecs for decoding the stream[s].
 */
int av_open_input_stream(AVFormatContext **ic_ptr,
                         ByteIOContext *pb, const char *filename,
                         AVInputFormat *fmt, AVFormatParameters *ap);

/**
 * Open a media file as input. The codecs are not opened. Only the file
 * header (if present) is read.
 *
 * @param ic_ptr the opened media file handle is put here
 * @param filename filename to open.
 * @param fmt if non NULL, force the file format to use
 * @param buf_size optional buffer size (zero if default is OK)
 * @param ap additional parameters needed when opening the file (NULL if default)
 * @return 0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx otherwise.
 */
int av_open_input_file(AVFormatContext **ic_ptr, const char *filename,
                       AVInputFormat *fmt,
                       int buf_size,
                       AVFormatParameters *ap);
/**
 * Allocate an AVFormatContext.
 * Can be freed with av_free() but do not forget to free everything you
 * explicitly allocated as well!
 */
AVFormatContext *av_alloc_format_context(void);

/**
 * Read packets of a media file to get stream information. This
 * is useful for file formats with no headers such as MPEG. This
 * function also computes the real frame rate in case of mpeg2 repeat
 * frame mode.
 * The logical file position is not changed by this function;
 * examined packets may be buffered for later processing.
 *
 * @param ic media file handle
 * @return >=0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx if error.
 * @todo Let user decide somehow what information is needed so we do not waste time getting stuff the user does not need.
 */
int av_find_stream_info(AVFormatContext *ic);

/**
 * Read a transport packet from a media file.
 *
 * This function is obsolete and should never be used.
 * Use av_read_frame() instead.
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @param pkt is filled
 * @return 0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx if error.
 */
int av_read_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Return the next frame of a stream.
 *
 * The returned packet is valid
 * until the next av_read_frame() or until av_close_input_file() and
 * must be freed with av_free_packet. For video, the packet contains
 * exactly one frame. For audio, it contains an integer number of
 * frames if each frame has a known fixed size (e.g. PCM or ADPCM
 * data). If the audio frames have a variable size (e.g. MPEG audio),
 * then it contains one frame.
 *
 * pkt->pts, pkt->dts and pkt->duration are always set to correct
 * values in AVStream.timebase units (and guessed if the format cannot
 * provided them). pkt->pts can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if the video format
 * has B frames, so it is better to rely on pkt->dts if you do not
 * decompress the payload.
 *
 * @return 0 if OK, < 0 if error or end of file.
 */
int av_read_frame(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Seek to the key frame at timestamp.
 * 'timestamp' in 'stream_index'.
 * @param stream_index If stream_index is (-1), a default
 * stream is selected, and timestamp is automatically converted
 * from AV_TIME_BASE units to the stream specific time_base.
 * @param timestamp timestamp in AVStream.time_base units
 *        or if there is no stream specified then in AV_TIME_BASE units
 * @param flags flags which select direction and seeking mode
 * @return >= 0 on success
 */
int av_seek_frame(AVFormatContext *s, int stream_index, int64_t timestamp, int flags);

/**
 * start playing a network based stream (e.g. RTSP stream) at the
 * current position
 */
int av_read_play(AVFormatContext *s);

/**
 * Pause a network based stream (e.g. RTSP stream).
 *
 * Use av_read_play() to resume it.
 */
int av_read_pause(AVFormatContext *s);

/**
 * Free a AVFormatContext allocated by av_open_input_stream.
 * @param s context to free
 */
void av_close_input_stream(AVFormatContext *s);

/**
 * Close a media file (but not its codecs).
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 */
void av_close_input_file(AVFormatContext *s);

/**
 * Add a new stream to a media file.
 *
 * Can only be called in the read_header() function. If the flag
 * AVFMTCTX_NOHEADER is in the format context, then new streams
 * can be added in read_packet too.
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @param id file format dependent stream id
 */
AVStream *av_new_stream(AVFormatContext *s, int id);
AVProgram *av_new_program(AVFormatContext *s, int id);

/**
 * Set the pts for a given stream.
 *
 * @param s stream
 * @param pts_wrap_bits number of bits effectively used by the pts
 *        (used for wrap control, 33 is the value for MPEG)
 * @param pts_num numerator to convert to seconds (MPEG: 1)
 * @param pts_den denominator to convert to seconds (MPEG: 90000)
 */
void av_set_pts_info(AVStream *s, int pts_wrap_bits,
                     int pts_num, int pts_den);

#define AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD 1 ///< seek backward
#define AVSEEK_FLAG_BYTE     2 ///< seeking based on position in bytes
#define AVSEEK_FLAG_ANY      4 ///< seek to any frame, even non keyframes

int av_find_default_stream_index(AVFormatContext *s);

/**
 * Gets the index for a specific timestamp.
 * @param flags if AVSEEK_FLAG_BACKWARD then the returned index will correspond to
 *                 the timestamp which is <= the requested one, if backward is 0
 *                 then it will be >=
 *              if AVSEEK_FLAG_ANY seek to any frame, only keyframes otherwise
 * @return < 0 if no such timestamp could be found
 */
int av_index_search_timestamp(AVStream *st, int64_t timestamp, int flags);

/**
 * Add a index entry into a sorted list updateing if it is already there.
 *
 * @param timestamp timestamp in the timebase of the given stream
 */
int av_add_index_entry(AVStream *st,
                       int64_t pos, int64_t timestamp, int size, int distance, int flags);

/**
 * Does a binary search using av_index_search_timestamp() and AVCodec.read_timestamp().
 * This is not supposed to be called directly by a user application, but by demuxers.
 * @param target_ts target timestamp in the time base of the given stream
 * @param stream_index stream number
 */
int av_seek_frame_binary(AVFormatContext *s, int stream_index, int64_t target_ts, int flags);

/**
 * Updates cur_dts of all streams based on given timestamp and AVStream.
 *
 * Stream ref_st unchanged, others set cur_dts in their native timebase
 * only needed for timestamp wrapping or if (dts not set and pts!=dts).
 * @param timestamp new dts expressed in time_base of param ref_st
 * @param ref_st reference stream giving time_base of param timestamp
 */
void av_update_cur_dts(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *ref_st, int64_t timestamp);

/**
 * Does a binary search using read_timestamp().
 * This is not supposed to be called directly by a user application, but by demuxers.
 * @param target_ts target timestamp in the time base of the given stream
 * @param stream_index stream number
 */
int64_t av_gen_search(AVFormatContext *s, int stream_index, int64_t target_ts, int64_t pos_min, int64_t pos_max, int64_t pos_limit, int64_t ts_min, int64_t ts_max, int flags, int64_t *ts_ret, int64_t (*read_timestamp)(struct AVFormatContext *, int , int64_t *, int64_t ));

/** media file output */
int av_set_parameters(AVFormatContext *s, AVFormatParameters *ap);

/**
 * Allocate the stream private data and write the stream header to an
 * output media file.
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @return 0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx if error.
 */
int av_write_header(AVFormatContext *s);

/**
 * Write a packet to an output media file.
 *
 * The packet shall contain one audio or video frame.
 * The packet must be correctly interleaved according to the container specification,
 * if not then av_interleaved_write_frame must be used
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @param pkt the packet, which contains the stream_index, buf/buf_size, dts/pts, ...
 * @return < 0 if error, = 0 if OK, 1 if end of stream wanted.
 */
int av_write_frame(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Writes a packet to an output media file ensuring correct interleaving.
 *
 * The packet must contain one audio or video frame.
 * If the packets are already correctly interleaved the application should
 * call av_write_frame() instead as it is slightly faster. It is also important
 * to keep in mind that completely non-interleaved input will need huge amounts
 * of memory to interleave with this, so it is preferable to interleave at the
 * demuxer level.
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @param pkt the packet, which contains the stream_index, buf/buf_size, dts/pts, ...
 * @return < 0 if error, = 0 if OK, 1 if end of stream wanted.
 */
int av_interleaved_write_frame(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt);

/**
 * Interleave a packet per DTS in an output media file.
 *
 * Packets with pkt->destruct == av_destruct_packet will be freed inside this function,
 * so they cannot be used after it, note calling av_free_packet() on them is still safe.
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @param out the interleaved packet will be output here
 * @param in the input packet
 * @param flush 1 if no further packets are available as input and all
 *              remaining packets should be output
 * @return 1 if a packet was output, 0 if no packet could be output,
 *         < 0 if an error occured
 */
int av_interleave_packet_per_dts(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *out, AVPacket *pkt, int flush);

/**
 * @brief Write the stream trailer to an output media file and
 *        free the file private data.
 *
 * @param s media file handle
 * @return 0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx if error.
 */
int av_write_trailer(AVFormatContext *s);

void dump_format(AVFormatContext *ic,
                 int index,
                 const char *url,
                 int is_output);

/**
 * parses width and height out of string str.
 * @deprecated Use av_parse_video_frame_size instead.
 */
attribute_deprecated int parse_image_size(int *width_ptr, int *height_ptr, const char *str);

/**
 * Converts frame rate from string to a fraction.
 * @deprecated Use av_parse_video_frame_rate instead.
 */
attribute_deprecated int parse_frame_rate(int *frame_rate, int *frame_rate_base, const char *arg);

/**
 * Parses \p datestr and returns a corresponding number of microseconds.
 * @param datestr String representing a date or a duration.
 * - If a date the syntax is:
 * @code
 *  [{YYYY-MM-DD|YYYYMMDD}]{T| }{HH[:MM[:SS[.m...]]][Z]|HH[MM[SS[.m...]]][Z]}
 * @endcode
 * Time is localtime unless Z is appended, in which case it is
 * interpreted as UTC.
 * If the year-month-day part isn't specified it takes the current
 * year-month-day.
 * Returns the number of microseconds since 1st of January, 1970 up to
 * the time of the parsed date or INT64_MIN if \p datestr cannot be
 * successfully parsed.
 * - If a duration the syntax is:
 * @code
 *  [-]HH[:MM[:SS[.m...]]]
 *  [-]S+[.m...]
 * @endcode
 * Returns the number of microseconds contained in a time interval
 * with the specified duration or INT64_MIN if \p datestr cannot be
 * successfully parsed.
 * @param duration Flag which tells how to interpret \p datestr, if
 * not zero \p datestr is interpreted as a duration, otherwise as a
 * date.
 */
int64_t parse_date(const char *datestr, int duration);

int64_t av_gettime(void);

/* ffm specific for ffserver */
#define FFM_PACKET_SIZE 4096
offset_t ffm_read_write_index(int fd);
void ffm_write_write_index(int fd, offset_t pos);
void ffm_set_write_index(AVFormatContext *s, offset_t pos, offset_t file_size);

/**
 * Attempts to find a specific tag in a URL.
 *
 * syntax: '?tag1=val1&tag2=val2...'. Little URL decoding is done.
 * Return 1 if found.
 */
int find_info_tag(char *arg, int arg_size, const char *tag1, const char *info);

/**
 * Returns in 'buf' the path with '%d' replaced by number.

 * Also handles the '%0nd' format where 'n' is the total number
 * of digits and '%%'.
 *
 * @param buf destination buffer
 * @param buf_size destination buffer size
 * @param path numbered sequence string
 * @param number frame number
 * @return 0 if OK, -1 if format error.
 */
int av_get_frame_filename(char *buf, int buf_size,
                          const char *path, int number);

/**
 * Check whether filename actually is a numbered sequence generator.
 *
 * @param filename possible numbered sequence string
 * @return 1 if a valid numbered sequence string, 0 otherwise.
 */
int av_filename_number_test(const char *filename);

/**
 * Generate an SDP for an RTP session.
 *
 * @param ac array of AVFormatContexts describing the RTP streams. If the
 *           array is composed by only one context, such context can contain
 *           multiple AVStreams (one AVStream per RTP stream). Otherwise,
 *           all the contexts in the array (an AVCodecContext per RTP stream)
 *           must contain only one AVStream
 * @param n_files number of AVCodecContexts contained in ac
 * @param buff buffer where the SDP will be stored (must be allocated by
 *             the caller
 * @param size the size of the buffer
 * @return 0 if OK. AVERROR_xxx if error.
 */
int avf_sdp_create(AVFormatContext *ac[], int n_files, char *buff, int size);

#ifdef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H

void __dynarray_add(unsigned long **tab_ptr, int *nb_ptr, unsigned long elem);

#ifdef __GNUC__
#define dynarray_add(tab, nb_ptr, elem)\
do {\
    typeof(tab) _tab = (tab);\
    typeof(elem) _elem = (elem);\
    (void)sizeof(**_tab == _elem); /* check that types are compatible */\
    __dynarray_add((unsigned long **)_tab, nb_ptr, (unsigned long)_elem);\
} while(0)
#else
#define dynarray_add(tab, nb_ptr, elem)\
do {\
    __dynarray_add((unsigned long **)(tab), nb_ptr, (unsigned long)(elem));\
} while(0)
#endif

time_t mktimegm(struct tm *tm);
struct tm *brktimegm(time_t secs, struct tm *tm);
const char *small_strptime(const char *p, const char *fmt,
                           struct tm *dt);

struct in_addr;
int resolve_host(struct in_addr *sin_addr, const char *hostname);

void url_split(char *proto, int proto_size,
               char *authorization, int authorization_size,
               char *hostname, int hostname_size,
               int *port_ptr,
               char *path, int path_size,
               const char *url);

int match_ext(const char *filename, const char *extensions);

#endif /* HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H */

#endif /* FFMPEG_AVFORMAT_H */