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  1. /*
  2. * Animated GIF encoder
  3. * Copyright (c) 2000 Fabrice Bellard.
  4. *
  5. * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  6. * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  7. * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  8. * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  9. *
  10. * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11. * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12. * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  13. * Lesser General Public License for more details.
  14. *
  15. * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  16. * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
  17. * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
  18. */
  19. /*
  20. * First version by Francois Revol revol@free.fr
  21. *
  22. * Features and limitations:
  23. * - currently no compression is performed,
  24. * in fact the size of the data is 9/8 the size of the image in 8bpp
  25. * - uses only a global standard palette
  26. * - tested with IE 5.0, Opera for BeOS, NetPositive (BeOS), and Mozilla (BeOS).
  27. *
  28. * Reference documents:
  29. * http://www.goice.co.jp/member/mo/formats/gif.html
  30. * http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/pbourke/dataformats/gif/
  31. * http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/mxr/gfx/2d/GIF89a.txt
  32. *
  33. * this url claims to have an LZW algorithm not covered by Unisys patent:
  34. * http://www.msg.net/utility/whirlgif/gifencod.html
  35. * could help reduce the size of the files _a lot_...
  36. * some sites mentions an RLE type compression also.
  37. */
  38. #include "avformat.h"
  39. #include "bitstream.h"
  40. /* bitstream minipacket size */
  41. #define GIF_CHUNKS 100
  42. /* slows down the decoding (and some browsers don't like it) */
  43. /* update on the 'some browsers don't like it issue from above: this was probably due to missing 'Data Sub-block Terminator' (byte 19) in the app_header */
  44. #define GIF_ADD_APP_HEADER // required to enable looping of animated gif
  45. typedef struct {
  46. unsigned char r;
  47. unsigned char g;
  48. unsigned char b;
  49. } rgb_triplet;
  50. /* we use the standard 216 color palette */
  51. /* this script was used to create the palette:
  52. * for r in 00 33 66 99 cc ff; do for g in 00 33 66 99 cc ff; do echo -n " "; for b in 00 33 66 99 cc ff; do
  53. * echo -n "{ 0x$r, 0x$g, 0x$b }, "; done; echo ""; done; done
  54. */
  55. static const rgb_triplet gif_clut[216] = {
  56. { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, { 0x00, 0x00, 0x33 }, { 0x00, 0x00, 0x66 }, { 0x00, 0x00, 0x99 }, { 0x00, 0x00, 0xcc }, { 0x00, 0x00, 0xff },
  57. { 0x00, 0x33, 0x00 }, { 0x00, 0x33, 0x33 }, { 0x00, 0x33, 0x66 }, { 0x00, 0x33, 0x99 }, { 0x00, 0x33, 0xcc }, { 0x00, 0x33, 0xff },
  58. { 0x00, 0x66, 0x00 }, { 0x00, 0x66, 0x33 }, { 0x00, 0x66, 0x66 }, { 0x00, 0x66, 0x99 }, { 0x00, 0x66, 0xcc }, { 0x00, 0x66, 0xff },
  59. { 0x00, 0x99, 0x00 }, { 0x00, 0x99, 0x33 }, { 0x00, 0x99, 0x66 }, { 0x00, 0x99, 0x99 }, { 0x00, 0x99, 0xcc }, { 0x00, 0x99, 0xff },
  60. { 0x00, 0xcc, 0x00 }, { 0x00, 0xcc, 0x33 }, { 0x00, 0xcc, 0x66 }, { 0x00, 0xcc, 0x99 }, { 0x00, 0xcc, 0xcc }, { 0x00, 0xcc, 0xff },
  61. { 0x00, 0xff, 0x00 }, { 0x00, 0xff, 0x33 }, { 0x00, 0xff, 0x66 }, { 0x00, 0xff, 0x99 }, { 0x00, 0xff, 0xcc }, { 0x00, 0xff, 0xff },
  62. { 0x33, 0x00, 0x00 }, { 0x33, 0x00, 0x33 }, { 0x33, 0x00, 0x66 }, { 0x33, 0x00, 0x99 }, { 0x33, 0x00, 0xcc }, { 0x33, 0x00, 0xff },
  63. { 0x33, 0x33, 0x00 }, { 0x33, 0x33, 0x33 }, { 0x33, 0x33, 0x66 }, { 0x33, 0x33, 0x99 }, { 0x33, 0x33, 0xcc }, { 0x33, 0x33, 0xff },
  64. { 0x33, 0x66, 0x00 }, { 0x33, 0x66, 0x33 }, { 0x33, 0x66, 0x66 }, { 0x33, 0x66, 0x99 }, { 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc }, { 0x33, 0x66, 0xff },
  65. { 0x33, 0x99, 0x00 }, { 0x33, 0x99, 0x33 }, { 0x33, 0x99, 0x66 }, { 0x33, 0x99, 0x99 }, { 0x33, 0x99, 0xcc }, { 0x33, 0x99, 0xff },
  66. { 0x33, 0xcc, 0x00 }, { 0x33, 0xcc, 0x33 }, { 0x33, 0xcc, 0x66 }, { 0x33, 0xcc, 0x99 }, { 0x33, 0xcc, 0xcc }, { 0x33, 0xcc, 0xff },
  67. { 0x33, 0xff, 0x00 }, { 0x33, 0xff, 0x33 }, { 0x33, 0xff, 0x66 }, { 0x33, 0xff, 0x99 }, { 0x33, 0xff, 0xcc }, { 0x33, 0xff, 0xff },
  68. { 0x66, 0x00, 0x00 }, { 0x66, 0x00, 0x33 }, { 0x66, 0x00, 0x66 }, { 0x66, 0x00, 0x99 }, { 0x66, 0x00, 0xcc }, { 0x66, 0x00, 0xff },
  69. { 0x66, 0x33, 0x00 }, { 0x66, 0x33, 0x33 }, { 0x66, 0x33, 0x66 }, { 0x66, 0x33, 0x99 }, { 0x66, 0x33, 0xcc }, { 0x66, 0x33, 0xff },
  70. { 0x66, 0x66, 0x00 }, { 0x66, 0x66, 0x33 }, { 0x66, 0x66, 0x66 }, { 0x66, 0x66, 0x99 }, { 0x66, 0x66, 0xcc }, { 0x66, 0x66, 0xff },
  71. { 0x66, 0x99, 0x00 }, { 0x66, 0x99, 0x33 }, { 0x66, 0x99, 0x66 }, { 0x66, 0x99, 0x99 }, { 0x66, 0x99, 0xcc }, { 0x66, 0x99, 0xff },
  72. { 0x66, 0xcc, 0x00 }, { 0x66, 0xcc, 0x33 }, { 0x66, 0xcc, 0x66 }, { 0x66, 0xcc, 0x99 }, { 0x66, 0xcc, 0xcc }, { 0x66, 0xcc, 0xff },
  73. { 0x66, 0xff, 0x00 }, { 0x66, 0xff, 0x33 }, { 0x66, 0xff, 0x66 }, { 0x66, 0xff, 0x99 }, { 0x66, 0xff, 0xcc }, { 0x66, 0xff, 0xff },
  74. { 0x99, 0x00, 0x00 }, { 0x99, 0x00, 0x33 }, { 0x99, 0x00, 0x66 }, { 0x99, 0x00, 0x99 }, { 0x99, 0x00, 0xcc }, { 0x99, 0x00, 0xff },
  75. { 0x99, 0x33, 0x00 }, { 0x99, 0x33, 0x33 }, { 0x99, 0x33, 0x66 }, { 0x99, 0x33, 0x99 }, { 0x99, 0x33, 0xcc }, { 0x99, 0x33, 0xff },
  76. { 0x99, 0x66, 0x00 }, { 0x99, 0x66, 0x33 }, { 0x99, 0x66, 0x66 }, { 0x99, 0x66, 0x99 }, { 0x99, 0x66, 0xcc }, { 0x99, 0x66, 0xff },
  77. { 0x99, 0x99, 0x00 }, { 0x99, 0x99, 0x33 }, { 0x99, 0x99, 0x66 }, { 0x99, 0x99, 0x99 }, { 0x99, 0x99, 0xcc }, { 0x99, 0x99, 0xff },
  78. { 0x99, 0xcc, 0x00 }, { 0x99, 0xcc, 0x33 }, { 0x99, 0xcc, 0x66 }, { 0x99, 0xcc, 0x99 }, { 0x99, 0xcc, 0xcc }, { 0x99, 0xcc, 0xff },
  79. { 0x99, 0xff, 0x00 }, { 0x99, 0xff, 0x33 }, { 0x99, 0xff, 0x66 }, { 0x99, 0xff, 0x99 }, { 0x99, 0xff, 0xcc }, { 0x99, 0xff, 0xff },
  80. { 0xcc, 0x00, 0x00 }, { 0xcc, 0x00, 0x33 }, { 0xcc, 0x00, 0x66 }, { 0xcc, 0x00, 0x99 }, { 0xcc, 0x00, 0xcc }, { 0xcc, 0x00, 0xff },
  81. { 0xcc, 0x33, 0x00 }, { 0xcc, 0x33, 0x33 }, { 0xcc, 0x33, 0x66 }, { 0xcc, 0x33, 0x99 }, { 0xcc, 0x33, 0xcc }, { 0xcc, 0x33, 0xff },
  82. { 0xcc, 0x66, 0x00 }, { 0xcc, 0x66, 0x33 }, { 0xcc, 0x66, 0x66 }, { 0xcc, 0x66, 0x99 }, { 0xcc, 0x66, 0xcc }, { 0xcc, 0x66, 0xff },
  83. { 0xcc, 0x99, 0x00 }, { 0xcc, 0x99, 0x33 }, { 0xcc, 0x99, 0x66 }, { 0xcc, 0x99, 0x99 }, { 0xcc, 0x99, 0xcc }, { 0xcc, 0x99, 0xff },
  84. { 0xcc, 0xcc, 0x00 }, { 0xcc, 0xcc, 0x33 }, { 0xcc, 0xcc, 0x66 }, { 0xcc, 0xcc, 0x99 }, { 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc }, { 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xff },
  85. { 0xcc, 0xff, 0x00 }, { 0xcc, 0xff, 0x33 }, { 0xcc, 0xff, 0x66 }, { 0xcc, 0xff, 0x99 }, { 0xcc, 0xff, 0xcc }, { 0xcc, 0xff, 0xff },
  86. { 0xff, 0x00, 0x00 }, { 0xff, 0x00, 0x33 }, { 0xff, 0x00, 0x66 }, { 0xff, 0x00, 0x99 }, { 0xff, 0x00, 0xcc }, { 0xff, 0x00, 0xff },
  87. { 0xff, 0x33, 0x00 }, { 0xff, 0x33, 0x33 }, { 0xff, 0x33, 0x66 }, { 0xff, 0x33, 0x99 }, { 0xff, 0x33, 0xcc }, { 0xff, 0x33, 0xff },
  88. { 0xff, 0x66, 0x00 }, { 0xff, 0x66, 0x33 }, { 0xff, 0x66, 0x66 }, { 0xff, 0x66, 0x99 }, { 0xff, 0x66, 0xcc }, { 0xff, 0x66, 0xff },
  89. { 0xff, 0x99, 0x00 }, { 0xff, 0x99, 0x33 }, { 0xff, 0x99, 0x66 }, { 0xff, 0x99, 0x99 }, { 0xff, 0x99, 0xcc }, { 0xff, 0x99, 0xff },
  90. { 0xff, 0xcc, 0x00 }, { 0xff, 0xcc, 0x33 }, { 0xff, 0xcc, 0x66 }, { 0xff, 0xcc, 0x99 }, { 0xff, 0xcc, 0xcc }, { 0xff, 0xcc, 0xff },
  91. { 0xff, 0xff, 0x00 }, { 0xff, 0xff, 0x33 }, { 0xff, 0xff, 0x66 }, { 0xff, 0xff, 0x99 }, { 0xff, 0xff, 0xcc }, { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
  92. };
  93. /* The GIF format uses reversed order for bitstreams... */
  94. /* at least they don't use PDP_ENDIAN :) */
  95. /* so we 'extend' PutBitContext. hmmm, OOP :) */
  96. /* seems this thing changed slightly since I wrote it... */
  97. #ifdef ALT_BITSTREAM_WRITER
  98. # error no ALT_BITSTREAM_WRITER support for now
  99. #endif
  100. static void gif_put_bits_rev(PutBitContext *s, int n, unsigned int value)
  101. {
  102. unsigned int bit_buf;
  103. int bit_cnt;
  104. // printf("put_bits=%d %x\n", n, value);
  105. assert(n == 32 || value < (1U << n));
  106. bit_buf = s->bit_buf;
  107. bit_cnt = 32 - s->bit_left; /* XXX:lazyness... was = s->bit_cnt; */
  108. // printf("n=%d value=%x cnt=%d buf=%x\n", n, value, bit_cnt, bit_buf);
  109. /* XXX: optimize */
  110. if (n < (32-bit_cnt)) {
  111. bit_buf |= value << (bit_cnt);
  112. bit_cnt+=n;
  113. } else {
  114. bit_buf |= value << (bit_cnt);
  115. *s->buf_ptr = bit_buf & 0xff;
  116. s->buf_ptr[1] = (bit_buf >> 8) & 0xff;
  117. s->buf_ptr[2] = (bit_buf >> 16) & 0xff;
  118. s->buf_ptr[3] = (bit_buf >> 24) & 0xff;
  119. //printf("bitbuf = %08x\n", bit_buf);
  120. s->buf_ptr+=4;
  121. if (s->buf_ptr >= s->buf_end)
  122. puts("bit buffer overflow !!"); // should never happen ! who got rid of the callback ???
  123. // flush_buffer_rev(s);
  124. bit_cnt=bit_cnt + n - 32;
  125. if (bit_cnt == 0) {
  126. bit_buf = 0;
  127. } else {
  128. bit_buf = value >> (n - bit_cnt);
  129. }
  130. }
  131. s->bit_buf = bit_buf;
  132. s->bit_left = 32 - bit_cnt;
  133. }
  134. /* pad the end of the output stream with zeros */
  135. static void gif_flush_put_bits_rev(PutBitContext *s)
  136. {
  137. while (s->bit_left < 32) {
  138. /* XXX: should test end of buffer */
  139. *s->buf_ptr++=s->bit_buf & 0xff;
  140. s->bit_buf>>=8;
  141. s->bit_left+=8;
  142. }
  143. // flush_buffer_rev(s);
  144. s->bit_left=32;
  145. s->bit_buf=0;
  146. }
  147. /* !RevPutBitContext */
  148. /* GIF header */
  149. static int gif_image_write_header(ByteIOContext *pb,
  150. int width, int height, int loop_count,
  151. uint32_t *palette)
  152. {
  153. int i;
  154. unsigned int v;
  155. put_tag(pb, "GIF");
  156. put_tag(pb, "89a");
  157. put_le16(pb, width);
  158. put_le16(pb, height);
  159. put_byte(pb, 0xf7); /* flags: global clut, 256 entries */
  160. put_byte(pb, 0x1f); /* background color index */
  161. put_byte(pb, 0); /* aspect ratio */
  162. /* the global palette */
  163. if (!palette) {
  164. put_buffer(pb, (const unsigned char *)gif_clut, 216*3);
  165. for(i=0;i<((256-216)*3);i++)
  166. put_byte(pb, 0);
  167. } else {
  168. for(i=0;i<256;i++) {
  169. v = palette[i];
  170. put_byte(pb, (v >> 16) & 0xff);
  171. put_byte(pb, (v >> 8) & 0xff);
  172. put_byte(pb, (v) & 0xff);
  173. }
  174. }
  175. /* update: this is the 'NETSCAPE EXTENSION' that allows for looped animated gif
  176. see http://members.aol.com/royalef/gifabout.htm#net-extension
  177. byte 1 : 33 (hex 0x21) GIF Extension code
  178. byte 2 : 255 (hex 0xFF) Application Extension Label
  179. byte 3 : 11 (hex (0x0B) Length of Application Block
  180. (eleven bytes of data to follow)
  181. bytes 4 to 11 : "NETSCAPE"
  182. bytes 12 to 14 : "2.0"
  183. byte 15 : 3 (hex 0x03) Length of Data Sub-Block
  184. (three bytes of data to follow)
  185. byte 16 : 1 (hex 0x01)
  186. bytes 17 to 18 : 0 to 65535, an unsigned integer in
  187. lo-hi byte format. This indicate the
  188. number of iterations the loop should
  189. be executed.
  190. bytes 19 : 0 (hex 0x00) a Data Sub-block Terminator
  191. */
  192. /* application extension header */
  193. #ifdef GIF_ADD_APP_HEADER
  194. if (loop_count >= 0 && loop_count <= 65535) {
  195. put_byte(pb, 0x21);
  196. put_byte(pb, 0xff);
  197. put_byte(pb, 0x0b);
  198. put_tag(pb, "NETSCAPE2.0"); // bytes 4 to 14
  199. put_byte(pb, 0x03); // byte 15
  200. put_byte(pb, 0x01); // byte 16
  201. put_le16(pb, (uint16_t)loop_count);
  202. put_byte(pb, 0x00); // byte 19
  203. }
  204. #endif
  205. return 0;
  206. }
  207. /* this is maybe slow, but allows for extensions */
  208. static inline unsigned char gif_clut_index(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b)
  209. {
  210. return ((((r)/47)%6)*6*6+(((g)/47)%6)*6+(((b)/47)%6));
  211. }
  212. static int gif_image_write_image(ByteIOContext *pb,
  213. int x1, int y1, int width, int height,
  214. const uint8_t *buf, int linesize, int pix_fmt)
  215. {
  216. PutBitContext p;
  217. uint8_t buffer[200]; /* 100 * 9 / 8 = 113 */
  218. int i, left, w, v;
  219. const uint8_t *ptr;
  220. /* image block */
  221. put_byte(pb, 0x2c);
  222. put_le16(pb, x1);
  223. put_le16(pb, y1);
  224. put_le16(pb, width);
  225. put_le16(pb, height);
  226. put_byte(pb, 0x00); /* flags */
  227. /* no local clut */
  228. put_byte(pb, 0x08);
  229. left= width * height;
  230. init_put_bits(&p, buffer, 130);
  231. /*
  232. * the thing here is the bitstream is written as little packets, with a size byte before
  233. * but it's still the same bitstream between packets (no flush !)
  234. */
  235. ptr = buf;
  236. w = width;
  237. while(left>0) {
  238. gif_put_bits_rev(&p, 9, 0x0100); /* clear code */
  239. for(i=(left<GIF_CHUNKS)?left:GIF_CHUNKS;i;i--) {
  240. if (pix_fmt == PIX_FMT_RGB24) {
  241. v = gif_clut_index(ptr[0], ptr[1], ptr[2]);
  242. ptr+=3;
  243. } else {
  244. v = *ptr++;
  245. }
  246. gif_put_bits_rev(&p, 9, v);
  247. if (--w == 0) {
  248. w = width;
  249. buf += linesize;
  250. ptr = buf;
  251. }
  252. }
  253. if(left<=GIF_CHUNKS) {
  254. gif_put_bits_rev(&p, 9, 0x101); /* end of stream */
  255. gif_flush_put_bits_rev(&p);
  256. }
  257. if(pbBufPtr(&p) - p.buf > 0) {
  258. put_byte(pb, pbBufPtr(&p) - p.buf); /* byte count of the packet */
  259. put_buffer(pb, p.buf, pbBufPtr(&p) - p.buf); /* the actual buffer */
  260. p.buf_ptr = p.buf; /* dequeue the bytes off the bitstream */
  261. }
  262. left-=GIF_CHUNKS;
  263. }
  264. put_byte(pb, 0x00); /* end of image block */
  265. return 0;
  266. }
  267. typedef struct {
  268. int64_t time, file_time;
  269. uint8_t buffer[100]; /* data chunks */
  270. } GIFContext;
  271. static int gif_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
  272. {
  273. GIFContext *gif = s->priv_data;
  274. ByteIOContext *pb = &s->pb;
  275. AVCodecContext *enc, *video_enc;
  276. int i, width, height, loop_count /*, rate*/;
  277. /* XXX: do we reject audio streams or just ignore them ?
  278. if(s->nb_streams > 1)
  279. return -1;
  280. */
  281. gif->time = 0;
  282. gif->file_time = 0;
  283. video_enc = NULL;
  284. for(i=0;i<s->nb_streams;i++) {
  285. enc = s->streams[i]->codec;
  286. if (enc->codec_type != CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO)
  287. video_enc = enc;
  288. }
  289. if (!video_enc) {
  290. av_free(gif);
  291. return -1;
  292. } else {
  293. width = video_enc->width;
  294. height = video_enc->height;
  295. loop_count = s->loop_output;
  296. // rate = video_enc->time_base.den;
  297. }
  298. /* XXX: is it allowed ? seems to work so far... */
  299. video_enc->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_RGB24;
  300. gif_image_write_header(pb, width, height, loop_count, NULL);
  301. put_flush_packet(&s->pb);
  302. return 0;
  303. }
  304. static int gif_write_video(AVFormatContext *s,
  305. AVCodecContext *enc, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
  306. {
  307. ByteIOContext *pb = &s->pb;
  308. GIFContext *gif = s->priv_data;
  309. int jiffies;
  310. int64_t delay;
  311. /* graphic control extension block */
  312. put_byte(pb, 0x21);
  313. put_byte(pb, 0xf9);
  314. put_byte(pb, 0x04); /* block size */
  315. put_byte(pb, 0x04); /* flags */
  316. /* 1 jiffy is 1/70 s */
  317. /* the delay_time field indicates the number of jiffies - 1 */
  318. delay = gif->file_time - gif->time;
  319. /* XXX: should use delay, in order to be more accurate */
  320. /* instead of using the same rounded value each time */
  321. /* XXX: don't even remember if I really use it for now */
  322. jiffies = (70*enc->time_base.num/enc->time_base.den) - 1;
  323. put_le16(pb, jiffies);
  324. put_byte(pb, 0x1f); /* transparent color index */
  325. put_byte(pb, 0x00);
  326. gif_image_write_image(pb, 0, 0, enc->width, enc->height,
  327. buf, enc->width * 3, PIX_FMT_RGB24);
  328. put_flush_packet(&s->pb);
  329. return 0;
  330. }
  331. static int gif_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
  332. {
  333. AVCodecContext *codec = s->streams[pkt->stream_index]->codec;
  334. if (codec->codec_type == CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO)
  335. return 0; /* just ignore audio */
  336. else
  337. return gif_write_video(s, codec, pkt->data, pkt->size);
  338. }
  339. static int gif_write_trailer(AVFormatContext *s)
  340. {
  341. ByteIOContext *pb = &s->pb;
  342. put_byte(pb, 0x3b);
  343. put_flush_packet(&s->pb);
  344. return 0;
  345. }
  346. /* better than nothing gif image writer */
  347. int gif_write(ByteIOContext *pb, AVImageInfo *info)
  348. {
  349. gif_image_write_header(pb, info->width, info->height, AVFMT_NOOUTPUTLOOP,
  350. (uint32_t *)info->pict.data[1]);
  351. gif_image_write_image(pb, 0, 0, info->width, info->height,
  352. info->pict.data[0], info->pict.linesize[0],
  353. PIX_FMT_PAL8);
  354. put_byte(pb, 0x3b);
  355. put_flush_packet(pb);
  356. return 0;
  357. }
  358. AVOutputFormat gif_muxer = {
  359. "gif",
  360. "GIF Animation",
  361. "image/gif",
  362. "gif",
  363. sizeof(GIFContext),
  364. CODEC_ID_NONE,
  365. CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO,
  366. gif_write_header,
  367. gif_write_packet,
  368. gif_write_trailer,
  369. };