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  1. //
  2. // io_context_strand.hpp
  3. // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  4. //
  5. // Copyright (c) 2003-2019 Christopher M. Kohlhoff (chris at kohlhoff dot com)
  6. //
  7. // Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
  8. // file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
  9. //
  10. #ifndef ASIO_IO_CONTEXT_STRAND_HPP
  11. #define ASIO_IO_CONTEXT_STRAND_HPP
  12. #if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)
  13. # pragma once
  14. #endif // defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1200)
  15. #include "asio/detail/config.hpp"
  16. #if !defined(ASIO_NO_EXTENSIONS)
  17. #include "asio/async_result.hpp"
  18. #include "asio/detail/handler_type_requirements.hpp"
  19. #include "asio/detail/strand_service.hpp"
  20. #include "asio/detail/wrapped_handler.hpp"
  21. #include "asio/io_context.hpp"
  22. #include "asio/detail/push_options.hpp"
  23. namespace asio {
  24. /// Provides serialised handler execution.
  25. /**
  26. * The io_context::strand class provides the ability to post and dispatch
  27. * handlers with the guarantee that none of those handlers will execute
  28. * concurrently.
  29. *
  30. * @par Order of handler invocation
  31. * Given:
  32. *
  33. * @li a strand object @c s
  34. *
  35. * @li an object @c a meeting completion handler requirements
  36. *
  37. * @li an object @c a1 which is an arbitrary copy of @c a made by the
  38. * implementation
  39. *
  40. * @li an object @c b meeting completion handler requirements
  41. *
  42. * @li an object @c b1 which is an arbitrary copy of @c b made by the
  43. * implementation
  44. *
  45. * if any of the following conditions are true:
  46. *
  47. * @li @c s.post(a) happens-before @c s.post(b)
  48. *
  49. * @li @c s.post(a) happens-before @c s.dispatch(b), where the latter is
  50. * performed outside the strand
  51. *
  52. * @li @c s.dispatch(a) happens-before @c s.post(b), where the former is
  53. * performed outside the strand
  54. *
  55. * @li @c s.dispatch(a) happens-before @c s.dispatch(b), where both are
  56. * performed outside the strand
  57. *
  58. * then @c asio_handler_invoke(a1, &a1) happens-before
  59. * @c asio_handler_invoke(b1, &b1).
  60. *
  61. * Note that in the following case:
  62. * @code async_op_1(..., s.wrap(a));
  63. * async_op_2(..., s.wrap(b)); @endcode
  64. * the completion of the first async operation will perform @c s.dispatch(a),
  65. * and the second will perform @c s.dispatch(b), but the order in which those
  66. * are performed is unspecified. That is, you cannot state whether one
  67. * happens-before the other. Therefore none of the above conditions are met and
  68. * no ordering guarantee is made.
  69. *
  70. * @note The implementation makes no guarantee that handlers posted or
  71. * dispatched through different @c strand objects will be invoked concurrently.
  72. *
  73. * @par Thread Safety
  74. * @e Distinct @e objects: Safe.@n
  75. * @e Shared @e objects: Safe.
  76. *
  77. * @par Concepts:
  78. * Dispatcher.
  79. */
  80. class io_context::strand
  81. {
  82. public:
  83. /// Constructor.
  84. /**
  85. * Constructs the strand.
  86. *
  87. * @param io_context The io_context object that the strand will use to
  88. * dispatch handlers that are ready to be run.
  89. */
  90. explicit strand(asio::io_context& io_context)
  91. : service_(asio::use_service<
  92. asio::detail::strand_service>(io_context))
  93. {
  94. service_.construct(impl_);
  95. }
  96. /// Destructor.
  97. /**
  98. * Destroys a strand.
  99. *
  100. * Handlers posted through the strand that have not yet been invoked will
  101. * still be dispatched in a way that meets the guarantee of non-concurrency.
  102. */
  103. ~strand()
  104. {
  105. }
  106. /// Obtain the underlying execution context.
  107. asio::io_context& context() const ASIO_NOEXCEPT
  108. {
  109. return service_.get_io_context();
  110. }
  111. /// Inform the strand that it has some outstanding work to do.
  112. /**
  113. * The strand delegates this call to its underlying io_context.
  114. */
  115. void on_work_started() const ASIO_NOEXCEPT
  116. {
  117. context().get_executor().on_work_started();
  118. }
  119. /// Inform the strand that some work is no longer outstanding.
  120. /**
  121. * The strand delegates this call to its underlying io_context.
  122. */
  123. void on_work_finished() const ASIO_NOEXCEPT
  124. {
  125. context().get_executor().on_work_finished();
  126. }
  127. /// Request the strand to invoke the given function object.
  128. /**
  129. * This function is used to ask the strand to execute the given function
  130. * object on its underlying io_context. The function object will be executed
  131. * inside this function if the strand is not otherwise busy and if the
  132. * underlying io_context's executor's @c dispatch() function is also able to
  133. * execute the function before returning.
  134. *
  135. * @param f The function object to be called. The executor will make
  136. * a copy of the handler object as required. The function signature of the
  137. * function object must be: @code void function(); @endcode
  138. *
  139. * @param a An allocator that may be used by the executor to allocate the
  140. * internal storage needed for function invocation.
  141. */
  142. template <typename Function, typename Allocator>
  143. void dispatch(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(Function) f, const Allocator& a) const
  144. {
  145. typename decay<Function>::type tmp(ASIO_MOVE_CAST(Function)(f));
  146. service_.dispatch(impl_, tmp);
  147. (void)a;
  148. }
  149. #if !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  150. /// (Deprecated: Use asio::dispatch().) Request the strand to invoke
  151. /// the given handler.
  152. /**
  153. * This function is used to ask the strand to execute the given handler.
  154. *
  155. * The strand object guarantees that handlers posted or dispatched through
  156. * the strand will not be executed concurrently. The handler may be executed
  157. * inside this function if the guarantee can be met. If this function is
  158. * called from within a handler that was posted or dispatched through the same
  159. * strand, then the new handler will be executed immediately.
  160. *
  161. * The strand's guarantee is in addition to the guarantee provided by the
  162. * underlying io_context. The io_context guarantees that the handler will only
  163. * be called in a thread in which the io_context's run member function is
  164. * currently being invoked.
  165. *
  166. * @param handler The handler to be called. The strand will make a copy of the
  167. * handler object as required. The function signature of the handler must be:
  168. * @code void handler(); @endcode
  169. */
  170. template <typename LegacyCompletionHandler>
  171. ASIO_INITFN_RESULT_TYPE(LegacyCompletionHandler, void ())
  172. dispatch(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(LegacyCompletionHandler) handler)
  173. {
  174. return async_initiate<LegacyCompletionHandler, void ()>(
  175. initiate_dispatch(), handler, this);
  176. }
  177. #endif // !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  178. /// Request the strand to invoke the given function object.
  179. /**
  180. * This function is used to ask the executor to execute the given function
  181. * object. The function object will never be executed inside this function.
  182. * Instead, it will be scheduled to run by the underlying io_context.
  183. *
  184. * @param f The function object to be called. The executor will make
  185. * a copy of the handler object as required. The function signature of the
  186. * function object must be: @code void function(); @endcode
  187. *
  188. * @param a An allocator that may be used by the executor to allocate the
  189. * internal storage needed for function invocation.
  190. */
  191. template <typename Function, typename Allocator>
  192. void post(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(Function) f, const Allocator& a) const
  193. {
  194. typename decay<Function>::type tmp(ASIO_MOVE_CAST(Function)(f));
  195. service_.post(impl_, tmp);
  196. (void)a;
  197. }
  198. #if !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  199. /// (Deprecated: Use asio::post().) Request the strand to invoke the
  200. /// given handler and return immediately.
  201. /**
  202. * This function is used to ask the strand to execute the given handler, but
  203. * without allowing the strand to call the handler from inside this function.
  204. *
  205. * The strand object guarantees that handlers posted or dispatched through
  206. * the strand will not be executed concurrently. The strand's guarantee is in
  207. * addition to the guarantee provided by the underlying io_context. The
  208. * io_context guarantees that the handler will only be called in a thread in
  209. * which the io_context's run member function is currently being invoked.
  210. *
  211. * @param handler The handler to be called. The strand will make a copy of the
  212. * handler object as required. The function signature of the handler must be:
  213. * @code void handler(); @endcode
  214. */
  215. template <typename LegacyCompletionHandler>
  216. ASIO_INITFN_RESULT_TYPE(LegacyCompletionHandler, void ())
  217. post(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(LegacyCompletionHandler) handler)
  218. {
  219. return async_initiate<LegacyCompletionHandler, void ()>(
  220. initiate_post(), handler, this);
  221. }
  222. #endif // !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  223. /// Request the strand to invoke the given function object.
  224. /**
  225. * This function is used to ask the executor to execute the given function
  226. * object. The function object will never be executed inside this function.
  227. * Instead, it will be scheduled to run by the underlying io_context.
  228. *
  229. * @param f The function object to be called. The executor will make
  230. * a copy of the handler object as required. The function signature of the
  231. * function object must be: @code void function(); @endcode
  232. *
  233. * @param a An allocator that may be used by the executor to allocate the
  234. * internal storage needed for function invocation.
  235. */
  236. template <typename Function, typename Allocator>
  237. void defer(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(Function) f, const Allocator& a) const
  238. {
  239. typename decay<Function>::type tmp(ASIO_MOVE_CAST(Function)(f));
  240. service_.post(impl_, tmp);
  241. (void)a;
  242. }
  243. #if !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  244. /// (Deprecated: Use asio::bind_executor().) Create a new handler that
  245. /// automatically dispatches the wrapped handler on the strand.
  246. /**
  247. * This function is used to create a new handler function object that, when
  248. * invoked, will automatically pass the wrapped handler to the strand's
  249. * dispatch function.
  250. *
  251. * @param handler The handler to be wrapped. The strand will make a copy of
  252. * the handler object as required. The function signature of the handler must
  253. * be: @code void handler(A1 a1, ... An an); @endcode
  254. *
  255. * @return A function object that, when invoked, passes the wrapped handler to
  256. * the strand's dispatch function. Given a function object with the signature:
  257. * @code R f(A1 a1, ... An an); @endcode
  258. * If this function object is passed to the wrap function like so:
  259. * @code strand.wrap(f); @endcode
  260. * then the return value is a function object with the signature
  261. * @code void g(A1 a1, ... An an); @endcode
  262. * that, when invoked, executes code equivalent to:
  263. * @code strand.dispatch(boost::bind(f, a1, ... an)); @endcode
  264. */
  265. template <typename Handler>
  266. #if defined(GENERATING_DOCUMENTATION)
  267. unspecified
  268. #else
  269. detail::wrapped_handler<strand, Handler, detail::is_continuation_if_running>
  270. #endif
  271. wrap(Handler handler)
  272. {
  273. return detail::wrapped_handler<io_context::strand, Handler,
  274. detail::is_continuation_if_running>(*this, handler);
  275. }
  276. #endif // !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  277. /// Determine whether the strand is running in the current thread.
  278. /**
  279. * @return @c true if the current thread is executing a handler that was
  280. * submitted to the strand using post(), dispatch() or wrap(). Otherwise
  281. * returns @c false.
  282. */
  283. bool running_in_this_thread() const ASIO_NOEXCEPT
  284. {
  285. return service_.running_in_this_thread(impl_);
  286. }
  287. /// Compare two strands for equality.
  288. /**
  289. * Two strands are equal if they refer to the same ordered, non-concurrent
  290. * state.
  291. */
  292. friend bool operator==(const strand& a, const strand& b) ASIO_NOEXCEPT
  293. {
  294. return a.impl_ == b.impl_;
  295. }
  296. /// Compare two strands for inequality.
  297. /**
  298. * Two strands are equal if they refer to the same ordered, non-concurrent
  299. * state.
  300. */
  301. friend bool operator!=(const strand& a, const strand& b) ASIO_NOEXCEPT
  302. {
  303. return a.impl_ != b.impl_;
  304. }
  305. private:
  306. #if !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  307. struct initiate_dispatch
  308. {
  309. template <typename LegacyCompletionHandler>
  310. void operator()(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(LegacyCompletionHandler) handler,
  311. strand* self) const
  312. {
  313. // If you get an error on the following line it means that your
  314. // handler does not meet the documented type requirements for a
  315. // LegacyCompletionHandler.
  316. ASIO_LEGACY_COMPLETION_HANDLER_CHECK(
  317. LegacyCompletionHandler, handler) type_check;
  318. detail::non_const_lvalue<LegacyCompletionHandler> handler2(handler);
  319. self->service_.dispatch(self->impl_, handler2.value);
  320. }
  321. };
  322. struct initiate_post
  323. {
  324. template <typename LegacyCompletionHandler>
  325. void operator()(ASIO_MOVE_ARG(LegacyCompletionHandler) handler,
  326. strand* self) const
  327. {
  328. // If you get an error on the following line it means that your
  329. // handler does not meet the documented type requirements for a
  330. // LegacyCompletionHandler.
  331. ASIO_LEGACY_COMPLETION_HANDLER_CHECK(
  332. LegacyCompletionHandler, handler) type_check;
  333. detail::non_const_lvalue<LegacyCompletionHandler> handler2(handler);
  334. self->service_.post(self->impl_, handler2.value);
  335. }
  336. };
  337. #endif // !defined(ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED)
  338. asio::detail::strand_service& service_;
  339. mutable asio::detail::strand_service::implementation_type impl_;
  340. };
  341. } // namespace asio
  342. #include "asio/detail/pop_options.hpp"
  343. #endif // !defined(ASIO_NO_EXTENSIONS)
  344. #endif // ASIO_IO_CONTEXT_STRAND_HPP