Carla/source/backend/plugin/VstPlugin.cpp

/*
 * Carla VST Plugin
 * Copyright (C) 2011-2013 Filipe Coelho <falktx@falktx.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
 * the License, or any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * For a full copy of the GNU General Public License see the GPL.txt file
 */

#include "CarlaPluginInternal.hpp"

#ifdef WANT_VST

#include "CarlaPluginGui.hpp"
#include "CarlaVstUtils.hpp"

//#ifdef Q_WS_X11
//# include <QtGui/QX11Info>
//#endif

CARLA_BACKEND_START_NAMESPACE

#if 0
}
#endif

/*!
 * @defgroup PluginHints Plugin Hints
 * @{
 */
const unsigned int PLUGIN_CAN_PROCESS_REPLACING = 0x1000; //!< VST Plugin cas use processReplacing()
const unsigned int PLUGIN_HAS_COCKOS_EXTENSIONS = 0x2000; //!< VST Plugin has Cockos extensions
const unsigned int PLUGIN_USES_OLD_VSTSDK       = 0x4000; //!< VST Plugin uses an old VST SDK
const unsigned int PLUGIN_WANTS_MIDI_INPUT      = 0x8000; //!< VST Plugin wants MIDI input
/**@}*/

class VstPlugin : public CarlaPlugin,
                  public CarlaPluginGui::Callback
{
public:
    VstPlugin(CarlaEngine* const engine, const unsigned int id)
        : CarlaPlugin(engine, id),
          fUnique1(1),
          fEffect(nullptr),
          fLastChunk(nullptr),
          fMidiEventCount(0),
          fIsProcessing(false),
          fNeedIdle(false),
          fUnique2(2)
    {
        carla_debug("VstPlugin::VstPlugin(%p, %i)", engine, id);

        carla_zeroStruct<VstMidiEvent>(fMidiEvents, MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2);
        carla_zeroStruct<VstTimeInfo_R>(fTimeInfo);

        for (unsigned short i=0; i < MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2; ++i)
            fEvents.data[i] = (VstEvent*)&fMidiEvents[i];

        kData->osc.thread.setMode(CarlaPluginThread::PLUGIN_THREAD_VST_GUI);

        // make plugin valid
        srand(id);
        fUnique1 = fUnique2 = rand();
    }

    ~VstPlugin() override
    {
        carla_debug("VstPlugin::~VstPlugin()");

        // close UI
        if (fHints & PLUGIN_HAS_GUI)
        {
            showGui(false);

            if (fGui.isOsc)
            {
                // Wait a bit first, then force kill
                if (kData->osc.thread.isRunning() && ! kData->osc.thread.wait(kData->engine->getOptions().oscUiTimeout))
                {
                    carla_stderr("VST OSC-GUI thread still running, forcing termination now");
                    kData->osc.thread.terminate();
                }
            }
        }

        kData->singleMutex.lock();
        kData->masterMutex.lock();

        CARLA_ASSERT(! fIsProcessing);

        if (kData->active)
        {
            deactivate();
            kData->active = false;
        }

        if (fEffect != nullptr)
        {
            dispatcher(effClose, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
            fEffect = nullptr;
        }

        // make plugin invalid
        fUnique2 += 1;

        if (fLastChunk != nullptr)
        {
            std::free(fLastChunk);
            fLastChunk = nullptr;
        }

        clearBuffers();
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Information (base)

    PluginType type() const override
    {
        return PLUGIN_VST;
    }

    PluginCategory category() override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        const intptr_t category(dispatcher(effGetPlugCategory, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f));

        switch (category)
        {
        case kPlugCategSynth:
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_SYNTH;
        case kPlugCategAnalysis:
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_UTILITY;
        case kPlugCategMastering:
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_DYNAMICS;
        case kPlugCategRoomFx:
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_DELAY;
        case kPlugCategRestoration:
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_UTILITY;
        case kPlugCategGenerator:
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_SYNTH;
        }

        if (fEffect->flags & effFlagsIsSynth)
            return PLUGIN_CATEGORY_SYNTH;

        return getPluginCategoryFromName(fName);
    }

    long uniqueId() const override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        return fEffect->uniqueID;
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Information (count)

    // nothing

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Information (current data)

    int32_t chunkData(void** const dataPtr) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_USE_CHUNKS);
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(dataPtr != nullptr);

        return dispatcher(effGetChunk, 0 /* bank */, 0, dataPtr, 0.0f);
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Information (per-plugin data)

    unsigned int availableOptions() override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        if (fEffect == nullptr)
            return 0x0;

        unsigned int options = 0x0;

        options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_FIXED_BUFFER;
        options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_MAP_PROGRAM_CHANGES;

        if (fEffect->flags & effFlagsProgramChunks)
            options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_USE_CHUNKS;

        if (vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "receiveVstEvents") || vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "receiveVstMidiEvent") || (fEffect->flags & effFlagsIsSynth) > 0 || (fHints & PLUGIN_WANTS_MIDI_INPUT))
        {
            options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_CONTROL_CHANGES;
            options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_CHANNEL_PRESSURE;
            options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_NOTE_AFTERTOUCH;
            options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_PITCHBEND;
            options |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_ALL_SOUND_OFF;
        }

        return options;
    }

    float getParameterValue(const uint32_t parameterId) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(parameterId < kData->param.count);

        return fEffect->getParameter(fEffect, parameterId);
    }

    void getLabel(char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetProductString, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
    }

    void getMaker(char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetVendorString, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
    }

    void getCopyright(char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetVendorString, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
    }

    void getRealName(char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetEffectName, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
    }

    void getParameterName(const uint32_t parameterId, char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(parameterId < kData->param.count);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetParamName, parameterId, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
    }

    void getParameterText(const uint32_t parameterId, char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(parameterId < kData->param.count);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetParamDisplay, parameterId, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);

        if (strBuf[0] == '\0')
            std::snprintf(strBuf, STR_MAX, "%f", getParameterValue(parameterId));
    }

    void getParameterUnit(const uint32_t parameterId, char* const strBuf) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(parameterId < kData->param.count);

        strBuf[0] = '\0';
        dispatcher(effGetParamLabel, parameterId, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Set data (state)

    // nothing

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Set data (internal stuff)

    // nothing

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Set data (plugin-specific stuff)

    void setParameterValue(const uint32_t parameterId, const float value, const bool sendGui, const bool sendOsc, const bool sendCallback) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(parameterId < kData->param.count);

        const float fixedValue(kData->param.fixValue(parameterId, value));

        fEffect->setParameter(fEffect, parameterId, fixedValue);

        CarlaPlugin::setParameterValue(parameterId, fixedValue, sendGui, sendOsc, sendCallback);
    }

    void setChunkData(const char* const stringData) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_USE_CHUNKS);
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(stringData != nullptr);

        if (fLastChunk != nullptr)
        {
            std::free(fLastChunk);
            fLastChunk = nullptr;
        }

        QByteArray chunk(QByteArray::fromBase64(stringData));

        CARLA_ASSERT(chunk.size() > 0);

        if (chunk.size() > 0)
        {
            fLastChunk = std::malloc(chunk.size());
            std::memcpy(fLastChunk, chunk.constData(), chunk.size());

            {
                const ScopedSingleProcessLocker spl(this, true);
                dispatcher(effSetChunk, 0 /* bank */, chunk.size(), fLastChunk, 0.0f);
            }

            // simulate an updateDisplay callback
            handleAudioMasterCallback(audioMasterUpdateDisplay, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
        }
    }

    void setProgram(int32_t index, const bool sendGui, const bool sendOsc, const bool sendCallback) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(index >= -1 && index < static_cast<int32_t>(kData->prog.count));

        if (index < -1)
            index = -1;
        else if (index > static_cast<int32_t>(kData->prog.count))
            return;

        if (index >= 0)
        {
            const ScopedSingleProcessLocker spl(this, (sendGui || sendOsc || sendCallback));

            dispatcher(effBeginSetProgram, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
            dispatcher(effSetProgram, 0, index, nullptr, 0.0f);
            dispatcher(effEndSetProgram, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
        }

        CarlaPlugin::setProgram(index, sendGui, sendOsc, sendCallback);
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Set gui stuff

    void showGui(const bool yesNo) override
    {
        if (fGui.isOsc)
        {
            if (yesNo)
            {
                kData->osc.thread.start();
            }
            else
            {
                if (kData->osc.data.target != nullptr)
                {
                    osc_send_hide(&kData->osc.data);
                    osc_send_quit(&kData->osc.data);
                    kData->osc.data.free();
                }

                if (kData->osc.thread.isRunning() && ! kData->osc.thread.wait(kData->engine->getOptions().oscUiTimeout))
                    kData->osc.thread.terminate();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (yesNo)
            {
                if (kData->gui == nullptr)
                {
                    CarlaPluginGui::Options guiOptions;
                    guiOptions.parented  = true;
                    guiOptions.resizable = false;

                    kData->gui = new CarlaPluginGui(kData->engine, this, guiOptions);
                }

                int32_t value = 0;
#ifdef Q_WS_X11
                //value = (intptr_t)QX11Info::display();
#endif
                void* const ptr = kData->gui->getContainerWinId();

                if (dispatcher(effEditOpen, 0, value, ptr, 0.0f) != 0)
                {
                    ERect* vstRect = nullptr;

                    dispatcher(effEditGetRect, 0, 0, &vstRect, 0.0f);

                    if (vstRect != nullptr)
                    {
                        const int16_t width(vstRect->right  - vstRect->left);
                        const int16_t height(vstRect->bottom - vstRect->top);

                        CARLA_SAFE_ASSERT_INT2(width > 1 && height > 1, width, height);

                        if (width > 1 && height > 1)
                            kData->gui->setSize(width, height);
                        else if (fGui.lastWidth > 1 && fGui.lastHeight > 1)
                            kData->gui->setSize(fGui.lastWidth, fGui.lastHeight);
                    }

                    kData->gui->setWindowTitle(QString("%1 (GUI)").arg((const char*)fName));
                    kData->gui->show();
                }
                else
                {
                    if (kData->gui != nullptr)
                    {
                        kData->gui->close();
                        delete kData->gui;
                        kData->gui = nullptr;
                    }

                    kData->engine->callback(CALLBACK_ERROR, fId, 0, 0, 0.0f, "Plugin refused to open its own UI");
                    kData->engine->callback(CALLBACK_SHOW_GUI, fId, -1, 0, 0.0f, nullptr);
                    return;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                dispatcher(effEditClose, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);

                if (kData->gui != nullptr)
                {
                    fGui.lastWidth  = kData->gui->width();
                    fGui.lastHeight = kData->gui->height();

                    kData->gui->close();
                    delete kData->gui;
                    kData->gui = nullptr;
                }
            }
        }

        fGui.isVisible = yesNo;
    }

    void idleGui() override
    {
#ifdef VESTIGE_HEADER
        if (fEffect != nullptr /*&& effect->ptr1*/)
#else
        if (fEffect != nullptr /*&& effect->resvd1*/)
#endif
        {
            if (fNeedIdle)
                dispatcher(effIdle, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);

            if (fGui.isVisible && ! fGui.isOsc)
            {
                dispatcher(effEditIdle, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
                //kData->gui->idle();
            }
        }

        CarlaPlugin::idleGui();
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Plugin state

    void reload() override
    {
        carla_debug("VstPlugin::reload() - start");
        CARLA_ASSERT(kData->engine != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        if (kData->engine == nullptr)
            return;
        if (fEffect == nullptr)
            return;

        const ProcessMode processMode(kData->engine->getProccessMode());

        // Safely disable plugin for reload
        const ScopedDisabler sd(this);

        if (kData->active)
            deactivate();

        clearBuffers();

        uint32_t aIns, aOuts, mIns, mOuts, params, j;

        bool needsCtrlIn, needsCtrlOut;
        needsCtrlIn = needsCtrlOut = false;

        aIns   = fEffect->numInputs;
        aOuts  = fEffect->numOutputs;
        params = fEffect->numParams;

        if (vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "receiveVstEvents") || vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "receiveVstMidiEvent") || (fEffect->flags & effFlagsIsSynth) > 0 || (fHints & PLUGIN_WANTS_MIDI_INPUT))
        {
            mIns = 1;
            needsCtrlIn = true;
        }
        else
            mIns = 0;

        if (vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "sendVstEvents") || vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "sendVstMidiEvent"))
        {
            mOuts = 1;
            needsCtrlOut = true;
        }
        else
            mOuts = 0;

        if (aIns > 0)
        {
            kData->audioIn.createNew(aIns);
        }

        if (aOuts > 0)
        {
            kData->audioOut.createNew(aOuts);
            needsCtrlIn = true;
        }

        if (params > 0)
        {
            kData->param.createNew(params);
            needsCtrlIn = true;
        }

        const uint portNameSize(kData->engine->maxPortNameSize());
        CarlaString portName;

        // Audio Ins
        for (j=0; j < aIns; ++j)
        {
            portName.clear();

            if (processMode == PROCESS_MODE_SINGLE_CLIENT)
            {
                portName  = fName;
                portName += ":";
            }

            if (aIns > 1)
            {
                portName += "input_";
                portName += CarlaString(j+1);
            }
            else
                portName += "input";

            portName.truncate(portNameSize);

            kData->audioIn.ports[j].port   = (CarlaEngineAudioPort*)kData->client->addPort(kEnginePortTypeAudio, portName, true);
            kData->audioIn.ports[j].rindex = j;
        }

        // Audio Outs
        for (j=0; j < aOuts; ++j)
        {
            portName.clear();

            if (processMode == PROCESS_MODE_SINGLE_CLIENT)
            {
                portName  = fName;
                portName += ":";
            }

            if (aOuts > 1)
            {
                portName += "output_";
                portName += CarlaString(j+1);
            }
            else
                portName += "output";

            portName.truncate(portNameSize);

            kData->audioOut.ports[j].port   = (CarlaEngineAudioPort*)kData->client->addPort(kEnginePortTypeAudio, portName, false);
            kData->audioOut.ports[j].rindex = j;
        }

        for (j=0; j < params; ++j)
        {
            kData->param.data[j].type   = PARAMETER_INPUT;
            kData->param.data[j].index  = j;
            kData->param.data[j].rindex = j;
            kData->param.data[j].hints  = 0x0;
            kData->param.data[j].midiChannel = 0;
            kData->param.data[j].midiCC = -1;

            float min, max, def, step, stepSmall, stepLarge;

            VstParameterProperties prop;
            carla_zeroStruct<VstParameterProperties>(prop);

            if (fHints & PLUGIN_HAS_COCKOS_EXTENSIONS)
            {
                double range[2] = { 0.0, 1.0 };

                if (dispatcher(effVendorSpecific, 0xdeadbef0, j, range, 0.0f) >= 0xbeef)
                {
                    min = range[0];
                    max = range[1];

                    if (min > max)
                        max = min;
                    else if (max < min)
                        min = max;

                    if (max - min == 0.0f)
                    {
                        carla_stderr2("WARNING - Broken plugin parameter: max - min == 0.0f (with cockos extensions)");
                        max = min + 0.1f;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    min = 0.0f;
                    max = 1.0f;
                }

                if (dispatcher(effVendorSpecific, kVstParameterUsesIntStep, j, nullptr, 0.0f) >= 0xbeef)
                {
                    step = 1.0f;
                    stepSmall = 1.0f;
                    stepLarge = 10.0f;
                }
                else
                {
                    float range = max - min;
                    step = range/100.0f;
                    stepSmall = range/1000.0f;
                    stepLarge = range/10.0f;
                }
            }
            else if (dispatcher(effGetParameterProperties, j, 0, &prop, 0) == 1)
            {
                if (prop.flags & kVstParameterUsesIntegerMinMax)
                {
                    min = float(prop.minInteger);
                    max = float(prop.maxInteger);

                    if (min > max)
                        max = min;
                    else if (max < min)
                        min = max;

                    if (max - min == 0.0f)
                    {
                        carla_stderr2("WARNING - Broken plugin parameter: max - min == 0.0f");
                        max = min + 0.1f;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    min = 0.0f;
                    max = 1.0f;
                }

                if (prop.flags & kVstParameterIsSwitch)
                {
                    step = max - min;
                    stepSmall = step;
                    stepLarge = step;
                    kData->param.data[j].hints |= PARAMETER_IS_BOOLEAN;
                }
                else if (prop.flags & kVstParameterUsesIntStep)
                {
                    step = float(prop.stepInteger);
                    stepSmall = float(prop.stepInteger)/10;
                    stepLarge = float(prop.largeStepInteger);
                    kData->param.data[j].hints |= PARAMETER_IS_INTEGER;
                }
                else if (prop.flags & kVstParameterUsesFloatStep)
                {
                    step = prop.stepFloat;
                    stepSmall = prop.smallStepFloat;
                    stepLarge = prop.largeStepFloat;
                }
                else
                {
                    float range = max - min;
                    step = range/100.0f;
                    stepSmall = range/1000.0f;
                    stepLarge = range/10.0f;
                }

                if (prop.flags & kVstParameterCanRamp)
                    kData->param.data[j].hints |= PARAMETER_IS_LOGARITHMIC;
            }
            else
            {
                min = 0.0f;
                max = 1.0f;
                step = 0.001f;
                stepSmall = 0.0001f;
                stepLarge = 0.1f;
            }

            kData->param.data[j].hints |= PARAMETER_IS_ENABLED;
#ifndef BUILD_BRIDGE
            kData->param.data[j].hints |= PARAMETER_USES_CUSTOM_TEXT;
#endif

            if ((fHints & PLUGIN_USES_OLD_VSTSDK) != 0 || dispatcher(effCanBeAutomated, j, 0, nullptr, 0.0f) == 1)
                kData->param.data[j].hints |= PARAMETER_IS_AUTOMABLE;

            // no such thing as VST default parameters
            def = fEffect->getParameter(fEffect, j);

            if (def < min)
                def = min;
            else if (def > max)
                def = max;

            kData->param.ranges[j].min = min;
            kData->param.ranges[j].max = max;
            kData->param.ranges[j].def = def;
            kData->param.ranges[j].step = step;
            kData->param.ranges[j].stepSmall = stepSmall;
            kData->param.ranges[j].stepLarge = stepLarge;
        }

        if (needsCtrlIn)
        {
            portName.clear();

            if (processMode == PROCESS_MODE_SINGLE_CLIENT)
            {
                portName  = fName;
                portName += ":";
            }

            portName += "events-in";
            portName.truncate(portNameSize);

            kData->event.portIn = (CarlaEngineEventPort*)kData->client->addPort(kEnginePortTypeEvent, portName, true);
        }

        if (needsCtrlOut)
        {
            portName.clear();

            if (processMode == PROCESS_MODE_SINGLE_CLIENT)
            {
                portName  = fName;
                portName += ":";
            }

            portName += "events-out";
            portName.truncate(portNameSize);

            kData->event.portOut = (CarlaEngineEventPort*)kData->client->addPort(kEnginePortTypeEvent, portName, false);
        }

        // plugin hints
        const intptr_t vstCategory = dispatcher(effGetPlugCategory, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);

        fHints = 0x0;

        if (vstCategory == kPlugCategSynth || vstCategory == kPlugCategGenerator)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_IS_SYNTH;

        if (fEffect->flags & effFlagsHasEditor)
        {
            fHints |= PLUGIN_HAS_GUI;

            if (! fGui.isOsc)
                fHints |= PLUGIN_HAS_SINGLE_THREAD;
        }

        if (dispatcher(effGetVstVersion, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f) < kVstVersion)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_USES_OLD_VSTSDK;

        if ((fEffect->flags & effFlagsCanReplacing) != 0 && fEffect->processReplacing != fEffect->process)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_CAN_PROCESS_REPLACING;

        if (fEffect->flags & effFlagsHasEditor)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_HAS_GUI;

        if (static_cast<uintptr_t>(dispatcher(effCanDo, 0, 0, (void*)"hasCockosExtensions", 0.0f)) == 0xbeef0000)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_HAS_COCKOS_EXTENSIONS;

        if (aOuts > 0 && (aIns == aOuts || aIns == 1))
            fHints |= PLUGIN_CAN_DRYWET;

        if (aOuts > 0)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_CAN_VOLUME;

        if (aOuts >= 2 && aOuts % 2 == 0)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_CAN_BALANCE;

        // extra plugin hints
        kData->extraHints = 0x0;

        if (mIns > 0)
            kData->extraHints |= PLUGIN_HINT_HAS_MIDI_IN;

        if (mOuts > 0)
            kData->extraHints |= PLUGIN_HINT_HAS_MIDI_OUT;

        if (aIns <= 2 && aOuts <= 2 && (aIns == aOuts || aIns == 0 || aOuts == 0))
            kData->extraHints |= PLUGIN_HINT_CAN_RUN_RACK;

        // dummy pre-start to get latency and wantEvents() on old plugins
        {
            activate();
            deactivate();
        }

        // check latency
        if (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_DRYWET)
        {
#ifdef VESTIGE_HEADER
            char* const empty3Ptr = &fEffect->empty3[0];
            int32_t* initialDelayPtr = (int32_t*)empty3Ptr;
            kData->latency = *initialDelayPtr;
#else
            kData->latency = fEffect->initialDelay;
#endif

            kData->client->setLatency(kData->latency);
            kData->recreateLatencyBuffers();
        }

        // special plugin fixes
        // 1. IL Harmless - disable threaded processing
        if (fEffect->uniqueID == 1229484653)
        {
            char strBuf[STR_MAX+1] = { '\0' };
            getLabel(strBuf);

            if (std::strcmp(strBuf, "IL Harmless") == 0)
            {
                // TODO - disable threaded processing
            }
        }

        bufferSizeChanged(kData->engine->getBufferSize());
        reloadPrograms(true);

        if (kData->active)
            activate();

        carla_debug("VstPlugin::reload() - end");
    }

    void reloadPrograms(const bool init) override
    {
        carla_debug("VstPlugin::reloadPrograms(%s)", bool2str(init));
        uint32_t i, oldCount  = kData->prog.count;
        const int32_t current = kData->prog.current;

        // Delete old programs
        kData->prog.clear();

        // Query new programs
        uint32_t count = static_cast<uint32_t>(fEffect->numPrograms);

        if (count > 0)
        {
            kData->prog.createNew(count);

            // Update names
            for (i=0; i < count; ++i)
            {
                char strBuf[STR_MAX+1] = { '\0' };
                if (dispatcher(effGetProgramNameIndexed, i, 0, strBuf, 0.0f) != 1)
                {
                    // program will be [re-]changed later
                    dispatcher(effSetProgram, 0, i, nullptr, 0.0f);
                    dispatcher(effGetProgramName, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);
                }
                kData->prog.names[i] = strdup(strBuf);
            }
        }

#ifndef BUILD_BRIDGE
        // Update OSC Names
        if (kData->engine->isOscControlRegistered())
        {
            kData->engine->osc_send_control_set_program_count(fId, count);

            for (i=0; i < count; ++i)
                kData->engine->osc_send_control_set_program_name(fId, i, kData->prog.names[i]);
        }
#endif

        if (init)
        {
            if (count > 0)
                setProgram(0, false, false, false);
        }
        else
        {
            // Check if current program is invalid
            bool programChanged = false;

            if (count == oldCount+1)
            {
                // one program added, probably created by user
                kData->prog.current = oldCount;
                programChanged = true;
            }
            else if (current < 0 && count > 0)
            {
                // programs exist now, but not before
                kData->prog.current = 0;
                programChanged = true;
            }
            else if (current >= 0 && count == 0)
            {
                // programs existed before, but not anymore
                kData->prog.current = -1;
                programChanged = true;
            }
            else if (current >= static_cast<int32_t>(count))
            {
                // current program > count
                kData->prog.current = 0;
                programChanged = true;
            }
            else
            {
                // no change
                kData->prog.current = current;
            }

            if (programChanged)
            {
                setProgram(kData->prog.current, true, true, true);
            }
            else
            {
                // Program was changed during update, re-set it
                if (kData->prog.current >= 0)
                    dispatcher(effSetProgram, 0, kData->prog.current, nullptr, 0.0f);
            }

            kData->engine->callback(CALLBACK_RELOAD_PROGRAMS, fId, 0, 0, 0.0f, nullptr);
        }
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Plugin processing

    void activate() override
    {
        dispatcher(effMainsChanged, 0, 1, nullptr, 0.0f);
        dispatcher(effStartProcess, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
    }

    void deactivate() override
    {
        dispatcher(effStopProcess, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
        dispatcher(effMainsChanged, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
    }

    void process(float** const inBuffer, float** const outBuffer, const uint32_t frames) override
    {
        uint32_t i, k;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Check if active

        if (! kData->active)
        {
            // disable any output sound
            for (i=0; i < kData->audioOut.count; ++i)
                carla_zeroFloat(outBuffer[i], frames);

            return;
        }

        fMidiEventCount = 0;
        carla_zeroStruct<VstMidiEvent>(fMidiEvents, MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2);

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Check if needs reset

        if (kData->needsReset)
        {
            // TODO!
            if (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_ALL_SOUND_OFF)
            {
                for (k=0, i=MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS; k < MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS; ++k)
                {
                    fMidiEvents[k].type = kVstMidiType;
                    fMidiEvents[k].byteSize = sizeof(VstMidiEvent);
                    fMidiEvents[k].midiData[0] = MIDI_STATUS_CONTROL_CHANGE + k;
                    fMidiEvents[k].midiData[1] = MIDI_CONTROL_ALL_SOUND_OFF;

                    fMidiEvents[k+i].type = kVstMidiType;
                    fMidiEvents[k+i].byteSize = sizeof(VstMidiEvent);
                    fMidiEvents[k+i].midiData[0] = MIDI_STATUS_CONTROL_CHANGE + k;
                    fMidiEvents[k+i].midiData[1] = MIDI_CONTROL_ALL_SOUND_OFF;
                }

                fMidiEventCount = MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS*2;
            }
            else
            {
            }

            if (kData->latency > 0)
            {
                for (i=0; i < kData->audioIn.count; ++i)
                    carla_zeroFloat(kData->latencyBuffers[i], kData->latency);
            }

            kData->needsReset = false;
        }

        CARLA_PROCESS_CONTINUE_CHECK;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Set TimeInfo

        const EngineTimeInfo& timeInfo(kData->engine->getTimeInfo());

        fTimeInfo.flags = kVstTransportChanged;

        if (timeInfo.playing)
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstTransportPlaying;

        fTimeInfo.samplePos  = timeInfo.frame;
        fTimeInfo.sampleRate = kData->engine->getSampleRate();

        if (timeInfo.usecs != 0)
        {
            fTimeInfo.nanoSeconds = timeInfo.usecs/1000;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstNanosValid;
        }

        if (timeInfo.valid & EngineTimeInfo::ValidBBT)
        {
            double ppqBar  = double(timeInfo.bbt.bar - 1) * timeInfo.bbt.beatsPerBar;
            double ppqBeat = double(timeInfo.bbt.beat - 1);
            double ppqTick = double(timeInfo.bbt.tick) / timeInfo.bbt.ticksPerBeat;

            // PPQ Pos
            fTimeInfo.ppqPos = ppqBar + ppqBeat + ppqTick;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstPpqPosValid;

            // Tempo
            fTimeInfo.tempo  = timeInfo.bbt.beatsPerMinute;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstTempoValid;

            // Bars
            fTimeInfo.barStartPos = ppqBar;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstBarsValid;

            // Time Signature
            fTimeInfo.timeSigNumerator   = timeInfo.bbt.beatsPerBar;
            fTimeInfo.timeSigDenominator = timeInfo.bbt.beatType;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstTimeSigValid;
        }
        else
        {
            // Tempo
            fTimeInfo.tempo = 120.0;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstTempoValid;

            // Time Signature
            fTimeInfo.timeSigNumerator   = 4;
            fTimeInfo.timeSigDenominator = 4;
            fTimeInfo.flags |= kVstTimeSigValid;

            // Missing info
            fTimeInfo.ppqPos = 0.0;
            fTimeInfo.barStartPos = 0.0;
        }

        CARLA_PROCESS_CONTINUE_CHECK;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Event Input and Processing

        if (kData->event.portIn != nullptr)
        {
            // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            // MIDI Input (External)

            if (kData->extNotes.mutex.tryLock())
            {
                while (fMidiEventCount < MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2 && ! kData->extNotes.data.isEmpty())
                {
                    const ExternalMidiNote& note(kData->extNotes.data.getFirst(true));

                    CARLA_ASSERT(note.channel >= 0 && note.channel < MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS);

                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].type = kVstMidiType;
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].byteSize = sizeof(VstMidiEvent);
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[0]  = (note.velo > 0) ? MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_ON : MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_OFF;
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[0] += note.channel;
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[1]  = note.note;
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[2]  = note.velo;

                    fMidiEventCount += 1;
                }

                kData->extNotes.mutex.unlock();

            } // End of MIDI Input (External)

            // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            // Event Input (System)

            bool allNotesOffSent = false;
            bool sampleAccurate  = (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_FIXED_BUFFER) == 0;

            uint32_t time, nEvents = kData->event.portIn->getEventCount();
            uint32_t startTime  = 0;
            uint32_t timeOffset = 0;

            for (i=0; i < nEvents; ++i)
            {
                const EngineEvent& event(kData->event.portIn->getEvent(i));

                time = event.time;

                if (time >= frames)
                    continue;

                CARLA_ASSERT_INT2(time >= timeOffset, time, timeOffset);

                if (time > timeOffset && sampleAccurate)
                {
                    if (processSingle(inBuffer, outBuffer, time - timeOffset, timeOffset))
                    {
                        startTime  = 0;
                        timeOffset = time;

                        if (fMidiEventCount > 0)
                        {
                            carla_zeroStruct<VstMidiEvent>(fMidiEvents, fMidiEventCount);
                            fMidiEventCount = 0;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        startTime += timeOffset;
                }

                // Control change
                switch (event.type)
                {
                case kEngineEventTypeNull:
                    break;

                case kEngineEventTypeControl:
                {
                    const EngineControlEvent& ctrlEvent = event.ctrl;

                    switch (ctrlEvent.type)
                    {
                    case kEngineControlEventTypeNull:
                        break;

                    case kEngineControlEventTypeParameter:
                    {
#ifndef BUILD_BRIDGE
                        // Control backend stuff
                        if (event.channel == kData->ctrlChannel)
                        {
                            float value;

                            if (MIDI_IS_CONTROL_BREATH_CONTROLLER(ctrlEvent.param) && (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_DRYWET) > 0)
                            {
                                value = ctrlEvent.value;
                                setDryWet(value, false, false);
                                postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, PARAMETER_DRYWET, 0, value);
                                continue;
                            }

                            if (MIDI_IS_CONTROL_CHANNEL_VOLUME(ctrlEvent.param) && (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_VOLUME) > 0)
                            {
                                value = ctrlEvent.value*127.0f/100.0f;
                                setVolume(value, false, false);
                                postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, PARAMETER_VOLUME, 0, value);
                                continue;
                            }

                            if (MIDI_IS_CONTROL_BALANCE(ctrlEvent.param) && (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_BALANCE) > 0)
                            {
                                float left, right;
                                value = ctrlEvent.value/0.5f - 1.0f;

                                if (value < 0.0f)
                                {
                                    left  = -1.0f;
                                    right = (value*2.0f)+1.0f;
                                }
                                else if (value > 0.0f)
                                {
                                    left  = (value*2.0f)-1.0f;
                                    right = 1.0f;
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    left  = -1.0f;
                                    right = 1.0f;
                                }

                                setBalanceLeft(left, false, false);
                                setBalanceRight(right, false, false);
                                postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, PARAMETER_BALANCE_LEFT, 0, left);
                                postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, PARAMETER_BALANCE_RIGHT, 0, right);
                                continue;
                            }
                        }
#endif

                        // Control plugin parameters
                        for (k=0; k < kData->param.count; ++k)
                        {
                            if (kData->param.data[k].midiChannel != event.channel)
                                continue;
                            if (kData->param.data[k].midiCC != ctrlEvent.param)
                                continue;
                            if (kData->param.data[k].type != PARAMETER_INPUT)
                                continue;
                            if ((kData->param.data[k].hints & PARAMETER_IS_AUTOMABLE) == 0)
                                continue;

                            float value;

                            if (kData->param.data[k].hints & PARAMETER_IS_BOOLEAN)
                            {
                                value = (ctrlEvent.value < 0.5f) ? kData->param.ranges[k].min : kData->param.ranges[k].max;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                value = kData->param.ranges[i].unnormalizeValue(ctrlEvent.value);

                                if (kData->param.data[k].hints & PARAMETER_IS_INTEGER)
                                    value = std::rint(value);
                            }

                            setParameterValue(k, value, false, false, false);
                            postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, static_cast<int32_t>(k), 0, value);
                        }

                        break;
                    }

                    case kEngineControlEventTypeMidiBank:
                        break;

                    case kEngineControlEventTypeMidiProgram:
                        if (event.channel == kData->ctrlChannel && (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_MAP_PROGRAM_CHANGES) != 0)
                        {
                            if (ctrlEvent.param < kData->prog.count)
                            {
                                setProgram(ctrlEvent.param, false, false, false);
                                postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventProgramChange, ctrlEvent.param, 0, 0.0f);
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        break;

                    case kEngineControlEventTypeAllSoundOff:
                        if (event.channel == kData->ctrlChannel)
                        {
                            if (! allNotesOffSent)
                            {
                                sendMidiAllNotesOffToCallback();
                                allNotesOffSent = true;
                            }

                            postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, PARAMETER_ACTIVE, 0, 0.0f);
                            postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, PARAMETER_ACTIVE, 0, 1.0f);
                        }

                        if (fMidiEventCount >= MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2)
                            continue;

                        if (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_ALL_SOUND_OFF)
                        {
                            carla_zeroStruct<VstMidiEvent>(fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount]);

                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].type = kVstMidiType;
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].byteSize = sizeof(VstMidiEvent);
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[0] = MIDI_STATUS_CONTROL_CHANGE + event.channel;
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[1] = MIDI_CONTROL_ALL_SOUND_OFF;
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].deltaFrames = sampleAccurate ? startTime : time;

                            fMidiEventCount += 1;
                        }
                        break;

                    case kEngineControlEventTypeAllNotesOff:
                        if (event.channel == kData->ctrlChannel)
                        {
                            if (! allNotesOffSent)
                            {
                                allNotesOffSent = true;
                                sendMidiAllNotesOffToCallback();
                            }
                        }

                        if (fMidiEventCount >= MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2)
                            continue;

                        if (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_ALL_SOUND_OFF)
                        {
                            carla_zeroStruct<VstMidiEvent>(fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount]);

                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].type = kVstMidiType;
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].byteSize = sizeof(VstMidiEvent);
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[0] = MIDI_STATUS_CONTROL_CHANGE + event.channel;
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[1] = MIDI_CONTROL_ALL_NOTES_OFF;
                            fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].deltaFrames = sampleAccurate ? startTime : time;

                            fMidiEventCount += 1;
                        }
                        break;
                    }

                    break;
                }

                case kEngineEventTypeMidi:
                {
                    if (fMidiEventCount >= MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2)
                        continue;

                    const EngineMidiEvent& midiEvent(event.midi);

                    uint8_t status  = MIDI_GET_STATUS_FROM_DATA(midiEvent.data);
                    uint8_t channel = event.channel;

                    if (MIDI_IS_STATUS_AFTERTOUCH(status) && (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_CHANNEL_PRESSURE) == 0)
                        continue;
                    if (MIDI_IS_STATUS_CONTROL_CHANGE(status) && (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_CONTROL_CHANGES) == 0)
                        continue;
                    if (MIDI_IS_STATUS_POLYPHONIC_AFTERTOUCH(status) && (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_NOTE_AFTERTOUCH) == 0)
                        continue;
                    if (MIDI_IS_STATUS_PITCH_WHEEL_CONTROL(status) && (fOptions & PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_PITCHBEND) == 0)
                        continue;

                    // Fix bad note-off
                    if (status == MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_ON && midiEvent.data[2] == 0)
                        status -= 0x10;

                    carla_zeroStruct<VstMidiEvent>(fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount]);

                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].type = kVstMidiType;
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].byteSize = sizeof(VstMidiEvent);
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[0] = status + channel;
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[1] = midiEvent.data[1];
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].midiData[2] = midiEvent.data[2];
                    fMidiEvents[fMidiEventCount].deltaFrames = sampleAccurate ? startTime : time;

                    fMidiEventCount += 1;

                    if (status == MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_ON)
                        postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventNoteOn, channel, midiEvent.data[1], midiEvent.data[2]);
                    else if (status == MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_OFF)
                        postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventNoteOff, channel, midiEvent.data[1], 0.0f);

                    break;
                }
                }
            }

            kData->postRtEvents.trySplice();

            if (frames > timeOffset)
                processSingle(inBuffer, outBuffer, frames - timeOffset, timeOffset);

        } // End of Event Input and Processing

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Plugin processing (no events)

        else
        {
            processSingle(inBuffer, outBuffer, frames, 0);

        } // End of Plugin processing (no events)

        CARLA_PROCESS_CONTINUE_CHECK;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // MIDI Output

        if (kData->event.portOut != nullptr)
        {
            // reverse lookup MIDI events
            for (k = (MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2)-1; k >= fMidiEventCount; --k)
            {
                if (fMidiEvents[k].type == 0)
                    break;

                const uint8_t channel = MIDI_GET_CHANNEL_FROM_DATA(fMidiEvents[k].midiData);

                uint8_t midiData[3] = { 0 };
                midiData[0] = fMidiEvents[k].midiData[0];
                midiData[1] = fMidiEvents[k].midiData[1];
                midiData[2] = fMidiEvents[k].midiData[2];

                kData->event.portOut->writeMidiEvent(fMidiEvents[k].deltaFrames, channel, 0, midiData, 3);
            }

        } // End of Control and MIDI Output
    }

    bool processSingle(float** const inBuffer, float** const outBuffer, const uint32_t frames, const uint32_t timeOffset)
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(frames > 0);

        if (frames == 0)
            return false;

        if (kData->audioIn.count > 0)
        {
            CARLA_ASSERT(inBuffer != nullptr);
            if (inBuffer == nullptr)
                return false;
        }
        if (kData->audioOut.count > 0)
        {
            CARLA_ASSERT(outBuffer != nullptr);
            if (outBuffer == nullptr)
                return false;
        }

        uint32_t i, k;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Try lock, silence otherwise

        if (kData->engine->isOffline())
        {
            kData->singleMutex.lock();
        }
        else if (! kData->singleMutex.tryLock())
        {
            for (i=0; i < kData->audioOut.count; ++i)
            {
                for (k=0; k < frames; ++k)
                    outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] = 0.0f;
            }

            return false;
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Set audio buffers

        float* vstInBuffer[kData->audioIn.count];
        float* vstOutBuffer[kData->audioOut.count];

        for (i=0; i < kData->audioIn.count; ++i)
            vstInBuffer[i] = inBuffer[i]+timeOffset;
        for (i=0; i < kData->audioOut.count; ++i)
            vstOutBuffer[i] = outBuffer[i]+timeOffset;

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Set MIDI events

        if (fMidiEventCount > 0)
        {
            fEvents.numEvents = fMidiEventCount;
            fEvents.reserved  = 0;
            dispatcher(effProcessEvents, 0, 0, &fEvents, 0.0f);
        }

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Run plugin

        fIsProcessing = true;

        if (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_PROCESS_REPLACING)
        {
            fEffect->processReplacing(fEffect,
                                      (kData->audioIn.count > 0) ? vstInBuffer : nullptr,
                                      (kData->audioOut.count > 0) ? vstOutBuffer : nullptr,
                                      frames);
        }
        else
        {
            for (i=0; i < kData->audioOut.count; ++i)
                carla_zeroFloat(vstOutBuffer[i], frames);

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
            fEffect->process(fEffect,
                             (kData->audioIn.count > 0) ? vstInBuffer : nullptr,
                             (kData->audioOut.count > 0) ? vstOutBuffer : nullptr,
                             frames);
#endif
        }

        fIsProcessing = false;
        fTimeInfo.samplePos += frames;

#ifndef BUILD_BRIDGE
        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Post-processing (dry/wet, volume and balance)

        {
            const bool doVolume  = (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_VOLUME) != 0 && kData->postProc.volume != 1.0f;
            const bool doDryWet  = (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_DRYWET) != 0 && kData->postProc.dryWet != 1.0f;
            const bool doBalance = (fHints & PLUGIN_CAN_BALANCE) != 0 && (kData->postProc.balanceLeft != -1.0f || kData->postProc.balanceRight != 1.0f);

            bool isPair;
            float bufValue, oldBufLeft[doBalance ? frames : 1];

            for (i=0; i < kData->audioOut.count; ++i)
            {
                // Dry/Wet
                if (doDryWet)
                {
                    for (k=0; k < frames; ++k)
                    {
                        bufValue = inBuffer[(kData->audioIn.count == 1) ? 0 : i][k+timeOffset];
                        outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] = (outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] * kData->postProc.dryWet) + (bufValue * (1.0f - kData->postProc.dryWet));
                    }
                }

                // Balance
                if (doBalance)
                {
                    isPair = (i % 2 == 0);

                    if (isPair)
                    {
                        CARLA_ASSERT(i+1 < kData->audioOut.count);
                        carla_copyFloat(oldBufLeft, outBuffer[i]+timeOffset, frames);
                    }

                    float balRangeL = (kData->postProc.balanceLeft  + 1.0f)/2.0f;
                    float balRangeR = (kData->postProc.balanceRight + 1.0f)/2.0f;

                    for (k=0; k < frames; ++k)
                    {
                        if (isPair)
                        {
                            // left
                            outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset]  = oldBufLeft[k]                * (1.0f - balRangeL);
                            outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] += outBuffer[i+1][k+timeOffset] * (1.0f - balRangeR);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // right
                            outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset]  = outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] * balRangeR;
                            outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] += oldBufLeft[k]              * balRangeL;
                        }
                    }
                }

                // Volume
                if (doVolume)
                {
                    for (k=0; k < frames; ++k)
                        outBuffer[i][k+timeOffset] *= kData->postProc.volume;
                }
            }

        } // End of Post-processing
#endif

        // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        kData->singleMutex.unlock();
        return true;
    }

    void bufferSizeChanged(const uint32_t newBufferSize) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT_INT(newBufferSize > 0, newBufferSize);
        carla_debug("VstPlugin::bufferSizeChanged(%i)", newBufferSize);

        if (kData->active)
            deactivate();

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        dispatcher(effSetBlockSizeAndSampleRate, 0, newBufferSize, nullptr, kData->engine->getSampleRate());
#endif
        dispatcher(effSetBlockSize, 0, newBufferSize, nullptr, 0.0f);

        if (kData->active)
            activate();
    }

    void sampleRateChanged(const double newSampleRate) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT_INT(newSampleRate > 0.0, newSampleRate);
        carla_debug("VstPlugin::sampleRateChanged(%g)", newSampleRate);

        if (kData->active)
            deactivate();

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        dispatcher(effSetBlockSizeAndSampleRate, 0, kData->engine->getBufferSize(), nullptr, newSampleRate);
#endif
        dispatcher(effSetSampleRate, 0, 0, nullptr, newSampleRate);

        if (kData->active)
            activate();
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Plugin buffers

    // nothing

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Post-poned UI Stuff

    void uiParameterChange(const uint32_t index, const float value) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(index < kData->param.count);

        if (index >= kData->param.count)
            return;
        if (! fGui.isOsc)
            return;
        if (kData->osc.data.target == nullptr)
            return;

        osc_send_control(&kData->osc.data, kData->param.data[index].rindex, value);
    }

    void uiProgramChange(const uint32_t index) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(index < kData->prog.count);

        if (index >= kData->prog.count)
            return;
        if (! fGui.isOsc)
            return;
        if (kData->osc.data.target == nullptr)
            return;

        osc_send_program(&kData->osc.data, index);
    }

    void uiNoteOn(const uint8_t channel, const uint8_t note, const uint8_t velo) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(channel < MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS);
        CARLA_ASSERT(note < MAX_MIDI_NOTE);
        CARLA_ASSERT(velo > 0 && velo < MAX_MIDI_VALUE);

        if (channel >= MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS)
            return;
        if (note >= MAX_MIDI_NOTE)
            return;
        if (velo >= MAX_MIDI_VALUE)
            return;
        if (! fGui.isOsc)
            return;
        if (kData->osc.data.target == nullptr)
            return;

        uint8_t midiData[4] = { 0 };
        midiData[1] = MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_ON + channel;
        midiData[2] = note;
        midiData[3] = velo;

        osc_send_midi(&kData->osc.data, midiData);
    }

    void uiNoteOff(const uint8_t channel, const uint8_t note) override
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(channel < MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS);
        CARLA_ASSERT(note < MAX_MIDI_NOTE);

        if (channel >= MAX_MIDI_CHANNELS)
            return;
        if (note >= MAX_MIDI_NOTE)
            return;
        if (! fGui.isOsc)
            return;
        if (kData->osc.data.target == nullptr)
            return;

        uint8_t midiData[4] = { 0 };
        midiData[1] = MIDI_STATUS_NOTE_OFF + channel;
        midiData[2] = note;

        osc_send_midi(&kData->osc.data, midiData);
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------

protected:
    void guiClosedCallback() override
    {
        showGui(false);
        kData->engine->callback(CALLBACK_SHOW_GUI, fId, 0, 0, 0.0f, nullptr);
    }

    intptr_t dispatcher(int32_t opcode, int32_t index, intptr_t value, void* ptr, float opt)
    {
#if defined(DEBUG) && ! defined(CARLA_OS_WIN)
        if (opcode != effEditIdle && opcode != effProcessEvents)
            carla_debug("VstPlugin::dispatcher(%02i:%s, %i, " P_INTPTR ", %p, %f)", opcode, vstEffectOpcode2str(opcode), index, value, ptr, opt);
#endif
        CARLA_ASSERT(fEffect != nullptr);

        return (fEffect != nullptr) ? fEffect->dispatcher(fEffect, opcode, index, value, ptr, opt) : 0;
    }

    intptr_t handleAudioMasterCallback(const int32_t opcode, const int32_t index, const intptr_t value, void* const ptr, const float opt)
    {
#if 0
        // Cockos VST extensions
        if (ptr != nullptr && static_cast<uint32_t>(opcode) == 0xdeadbeef && static_cast<uint32_t>(index) == 0xdeadf00d)
        {
            const char* const func = (char*)ptr;

            if (std::strcmp(func, "GetPlayPosition") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "GetPlayPosition2") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "GetCursorPosition") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "GetPlayState") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "SetEditCurPos") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "GetSetRepeat") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "GetProjectPath") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "OnPlayButton") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "OnStopButton") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "OnPauseButton") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "IsInRealTimeAudio") == 0)
                return 0;
            if (std::strcmp(func, "Audio_IsRunning") == 0)
                return 0;
        }
#endif

        intptr_t ret = 0;

        switch (opcode)
        {
        case audioMasterAutomate:
            if (! fEnabled)
                break;

            // plugins should never do this:
            CARLA_SAFE_ASSERT_INT(index < static_cast<int32_t>(kData->param.count), index);

            if (index < 0 || index >= static_cast<int32_t>(kData->param.count))
                break;

            if (fGui.isVisible && ! fIsProcessing)
            {
                // Called from GUI
                setParameterValue(index, opt, false, true, true);
            }
            else if (fIsProcessing)
            {
                // Called from engine
                const float fixedValue(kData->param.fixValue(index, opt));

                if (kData->engine->isOffline())
                {
                    CarlaPlugin::setParameterValue(index, fixedValue, true, true, true);
                }
                else
                {
                    CarlaPlugin::setParameterValue(index, fixedValue, false, false, false);
                    postponeRtEvent(kPluginPostRtEventParameterChange, index, 0, fixedValue);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                carla_stdout("audioMasterAutomate called from unknown source");
            }
            break;

        case audioMasterCurrentId:
            // TODO
            // if using old sdk, return effect->uniqueID
            break;

        case audioMasterIdle:
            if (fGui.isVisible)
                dispatcher(effEditIdle, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
            break;

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterPinConnected:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterWantMidi:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            fHints |= PLUGIN_WANTS_MIDI_INPUT;
            break;
#endif

        case audioMasterGetTime:
#ifdef VESTIGE_HEADER
            ret = getAddressFromPointer(&fTimeInfo);
#else
            ret = ToVstPtr<VstTimeInfo_R>(&fTimeInfo);
#endif
            break;

        case audioMasterProcessEvents:
            CARLA_ASSERT(fEnabled);
            CARLA_ASSERT(fIsProcessing);
            CARLA_ASSERT(kData->event.portOut != nullptr);
            CARLA_ASSERT(ptr != nullptr);

            if (! fEnabled)
                return 0;
            if (! fIsProcessing)
                return 0;
            if (kData->event.portOut == nullptr)
                return 0;
            if (ptr == nullptr)
                return 0;
            if (! fIsProcessing)
            {
                carla_stderr2("audioMasterProcessEvents(%p) - received MIDI out events outside audio thread, ignoring", ptr);
                return 0;
            }

            if (fMidiEventCount >= MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2)
                return 0;


        {
            const VstEvents* const vstEvents((const VstEvents*)ptr);

            for (int32_t i=0; i < vstEvents->numEvents && i < MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2; ++i)
            {
                if (vstEvents->events[i] == nullptr)
                    break;

                const VstMidiEvent* const vstMidiEvent = (const VstMidiEvent*)vstEvents->events[i];

                if (vstMidiEvent->type != kVstMidiType)
                    continue;

                // reverse-find first free event, and put it there
                for (uint32_t j=(MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2)-1; j >= fMidiEventCount; --j)
                {
                    if (fMidiEvents[j].type == 0)
                    {
                        std::memcpy(&fMidiEvents[j], vstMidiEvent, sizeof(VstMidiEvent));
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

            ret = 1;
            break;

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterSetTime:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            break;

        case audioMasterTempoAt:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            CARLA_ASSERT(fIsProcessing);
            ret = fTimeInfo.tempo * 10000;
            break;

        case audioMasterGetNumAutomatableParameters:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            ret = carla_min<intptr_t>(0, fEffect->numParams, kData->engine->getOptions().maxParameters);
            break;

        case audioMasterGetParameterQuantization:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            ret = 1; // full single float precision
            break;
#endif

#if 0
        case audioMasterIOChanged:
            CARLA_ASSERT(fEnabled);

            // TESTING

            if (! fEnabled)
            {
                ret = 1;
                break;
            }

            if (x_engine->getOptions().processMode == PROCESS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_RACK)
            {
                carla_stderr2("VstPlugin::handleAudioMasterIOChanged() - plugin asked IO change, but it's not supported in rack mode");
                return 0;
            }

            engineProcessLock();
            m_enabled = false;
            engineProcessUnlock();

            if (m_active)
            {
                effect->dispatcher(effect, effStopProcess, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
                effect->dispatcher(effect, effMainsChanged, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
            }

            reload();

            if (m_active)
            {
                effect->dispatcher(effect, effMainsChanged, 0, 1, nullptr, 0.0f);
                effect->dispatcher(effect, effStartProcess, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);
            }

            x_engine->callback(CALLBACK_RELOAD_ALL, m_id, 0, 0, 0.0, nullptr);

            ret = 1;
            break;
#endif

        case audioMasterNeedIdle:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            fNeedIdle = true;
            ret = 1;
            break;

        case audioMasterSizeWindow:
            if (kData->gui != nullptr)
            {
                CARLA_SAFE_ASSERT(fGui.isVisible);
                if (fGui.isVisible)
                    kData->gui->setSize(index, value);
                ret = 1;
            }
            break;

        case audioMasterGetSampleRate:
            ret = kData->engine->getSampleRate();
            break;

        case audioMasterGetBlockSize:
            ret = kData->engine->getBufferSize();
            break;

        case audioMasterGetInputLatency:
            ret = 0;
            break;

        case audioMasterGetOutputLatency:
            ret = 0;
            break;

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterGetPreviousPlug:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterGetNextPlug:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterWillReplaceOrAccumulate:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            ret = 1; // replace
            break;
#endif

        case audioMasterGetCurrentProcessLevel:
            if (kData->engine->isOffline())
                ret = kVstProcessLevelOffline;
            else if (fIsProcessing)
                ret = kVstProcessLevelRealtime;
            else
                ret = kVstProcessLevelUser;
            break;

        case audioMasterGetAutomationState:
            ret = kData->active ? kVstAutomationReadWrite : kVstAutomationOff;
            break;

        case audioMasterOfflineStart:
        case audioMasterOfflineRead:
        case audioMasterOfflineWrite:
        case audioMasterOfflineGetCurrentPass:
        case audioMasterOfflineGetCurrentMetaPass:
            // TODO
            break;

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterSetOutputSampleRate:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            break;

        case audioMasterGetOutputSpeakerArrangement:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;
#endif

        case audioMasterVendorSpecific:
            // TODO - cockos extensions
            break;

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterSetIcon:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            break;
#endif

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterOpenWindow:
        case audioMasterCloseWindow:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;
#endif

        case audioMasterGetDirectory:
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterUpdateDisplay:
            // Idle UI if visible
            if (fGui.isVisible)
                dispatcher(effEditIdle, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);

            // Update current program
            if (kData->prog.count > 0)
            {
                const int32_t current = dispatcher(effGetProgram, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);

                if (current >= 0 && current < static_cast<int32_t>(kData->prog.count))
                {
                    char strBuf[STR_MAX+1]  = { '\0' };
                    dispatcher(effGetProgramName, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);

                    if (kData->prog.names[current] != nullptr)
                        delete[] kData->prog.names[current];

                    kData->prog.names[current] = carla_strdup(strBuf);

                    if (kData->prog.current != current)
                    {
                        kData->prog.current = current;
                        kData->engine->callback(CALLBACK_PROGRAM_CHANGED, fId, current, 0, 0.0f, nullptr);
                    }
                }
            }

            kData->engine->callback(CALLBACK_UPDATE, fId, 0, 0, 0.0f, nullptr);
            ret = 1;
            break;

        case audioMasterBeginEdit:
        case audioMasterEndEdit:
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterOpenFileSelector:
        case audioMasterCloseFileSelector:
            // TODO
            break;

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        case audioMasterEditFile:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterGetChunkFile:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;

        case audioMasterGetInputSpeakerArrangement:
            // Deprecated in VST SDK 2.4
            // TODO
            break;
#endif

        default:
            carla_debug("VstPlugin::handleAudioMasterCallback(%02i:%s, %i, " P_INTPTR ", %p, %f)", opcode, vstMasterOpcode2str(opcode), index, value, ptr, opt);
            break;
        }

        return ret;
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------

public:
    bool init(const char* const filename, const char* const name)
    {
        CARLA_ASSERT(kData->engine != nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(kData->client == nullptr);
        CARLA_ASSERT(filename != nullptr);

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // first checks

        if (kData->engine == nullptr)
        {
            return false;
        }

        if (kData->client != nullptr)
        {
            kData->engine->setLastError("Plugin client is already registered");
            return false;
        }

        if (filename == nullptr)
        {
            kData->engine->setLastError("null filename");
            return false;
        }

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // open DLL

        if (! kData->libOpen(filename))
        {
            kData->engine->setLastError(kData->libError(filename));
            return false;
        }

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // get DLL main entry

        VST_Function vstFn = (VST_Function)kData->libSymbol("VSTPluginMain");

        if (vstFn == nullptr)
        {
            vstFn = (VST_Function)kData->libSymbol("main");

            if (vstFn == nullptr)
            {
                kData->engine->setLastError("Could not find the VST main entry in the plugin library");
                return false;
            }
        }

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // initialize plugin (part 1)

        sLastVstPlugin = this;
        fEffect = vstFn(carla_vst_audioMasterCallback);
        sLastVstPlugin = nullptr;

        if (fEffect == nullptr)
        {
            kData->engine->setLastError("Plugin failed to initialize");
            return false;
        }

        if (fEffect->magic != kEffectMagic)
        {
            kData->engine->setLastError("Plugin is not valid (wrong vst effect magic code)");
            return false;
        }

#ifdef VESTIGE_HEADER
        fEffect->ptr1 = this;
#else
        fEffect->resvd1 = ToVstPtr<VstPlugin>(this);
#endif

        dispatcher(effOpen, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f);

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // get info

        if (name != nullptr)
        {
            fName = kData->engine->getUniquePluginName(name);
        }
        else
        {
            char strBuf[STR_MAX+1] = { '\0' };
            dispatcher(effGetEffectName, 0, 0, strBuf, 0.0f);

            if (strBuf[0] != '\0')
            {
                fName = kData->engine->getUniquePluginName(strBuf);
            }
            else
            {
                const char* const label = std::strrchr(filename, OS_SEP)+1;
                fName = kData->engine->getUniquePluginName(label);
            }
        }

        fFilename = filename;

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // register client

        kData->client = kData->engine->addClient(this);

        if (kData->client == nullptr || ! kData->client->isOk())
        {
            kData->engine->setLastError("Failed to register plugin client");
            return false;
        }

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // initialize plugin (part 2)

#if ! VST_FORCE_DEPRECATED
        dispatcher(effSetBlockSizeAndSampleRate, 0, kData->engine->getBufferSize(), nullptr, kData->engine->getSampleRate());
#endif
        dispatcher(effSetSampleRate, 0, 0, nullptr, kData->engine->getSampleRate());
        dispatcher(effSetBlockSize, 0, kData->engine->getBufferSize(), nullptr, 0.0f);
        dispatcher(effSetProcessPrecision, 0, kVstProcessPrecision32, nullptr, 0.0f);

        if (dispatcher(effGetVstVersion, 0, 0, nullptr, 0.0f) < kVstVersion)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_USES_OLD_VSTSDK;

        if (static_cast<uintptr_t>(dispatcher(effCanDo, 0, 0, (void*)"hasCockosExtensions", 0.0f)) == 0xbeef0000)
            fHints |= PLUGIN_HAS_COCKOS_EXTENSIONS;

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // gui stuff

        if (fEffect->flags & effFlagsHasEditor)
        {
            const EngineOptions& engineOptions(kData->engine->getOptions());

#if defined(Q_WS_X11)
            CarlaString uiBridgeBinary(engineOptions.bridge_vstX11);
#elif defined(CARLA_OS_MAC)
            CarlaString uiBridgeBinary(engineOptions.bridge_vstCocoa);
#elif defined(CARLA_OS_WIN)
            CarlaString uiBridgeBinary(engineOptions.bridge_vstHWND);
#else
            CarlaString uiBridgeBinary;
#endif

            if (engineOptions.preferUiBridges && uiBridgeBinary.isNotEmpty() && (fEffect->flags & effFlagsProgramChunks) == 0)
            {
                kData->osc.thread.setOscData(uiBridgeBinary, nullptr);
                fGui.isOsc = true;
            }
        }

        // ---------------------------------------------------------------
        // load plugin settings

        {
            // set default options
            fOptions = 0x0;

            fOptions |= PLUGIN_OPTION_MAP_PROGRAM_CHANGES;

            if (fEffect->flags & effFlagsProgramChunks)
                fOptions |= PLUGIN_OPTION_USE_CHUNKS;

            if (vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "receiveVstEvents") || vstPluginCanDo(fEffect, "receiveVstMidiEvent") || (fEffect->flags & effFlagsIsSynth) > 0 || (fHints & PLUGIN_WANTS_MIDI_INPUT))
            {
                fOptions |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_CHANNEL_PRESSURE;
                fOptions |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_NOTE_AFTERTOUCH;
                fOptions |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_PITCHBEND;
                fOptions |= PLUGIN_OPTION_SEND_ALL_SOUND_OFF;
            }

            // load settings
            kData->idStr  = "VST/";
            kData->idStr += std::strrchr(filename, OS_SEP)+1; // FIXME!
            kData->idStr += "/";
            kData->idStr += CarlaString(uniqueId());
            fOptions = kData->loadSettings(fOptions, availableOptions());
        }

        return true;
    }

private:
    int fUnique1;
    AEffect* fEffect;

    void*         fLastChunk;
    uint32_t      fMidiEventCount;
    VstMidiEvent  fMidiEvents[MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2];
    VstTimeInfo_R fTimeInfo;

    struct FixedVstEvents {
        int32_t numEvents;
        intptr_t reserved;
        VstEvent* data[MAX_MIDI_EVENTS*2];

        FixedVstEvents()
            : numEvents(0),
              reserved(0),
              data{nullptr} {}
    } fEvents;

    struct GuiInfo {
        bool isOsc;
        bool isVisible;
        int  lastWidth;
        int  lastHeight;

        GuiInfo()
            : isOsc(false),
              isVisible(false),
              lastWidth(0),
              lastHeight(0) {}
    } fGui;

    bool fIsProcessing;
    bool fNeedIdle;
    int  fUnique2;

    static VstPlugin* sLastVstPlugin;

    // -------------------------------------------------------------------

    static intptr_t carla_vst_hostCanDo(const char* const feature)
    {
        carla_debug("carla_vst_hostCanDo(\"%s\")", feature);

        if (std::strcmp(feature, "supplyIdle") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "sendVstEvents") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "sendVstMidiEvent") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "sendVstMidiEventFlagIsRealtime") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "sendVstTimeInfo") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "receiveVstEvents") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "receiveVstMidiEvent") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "receiveVstTimeInfo") == 0)
            return -1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "reportConnectionChanges") == 0)
            return -1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "acceptIOChanges") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "sizeWindow") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "offline") == 0)
            return -1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "openFileSelector") == 0)
            return -1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "closeFileSelector") == 0)
            return -1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "startStopProcess") == 0)
            return 1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "supportShell") == 0)
            return -1;
        if (std::strcmp(feature, "shellCategory") == 0)
            return -1;

        // unimplemented
        carla_stderr("carla_vst_hostCanDo(\"%s\") - unknown feature", feature);
        return 0;
    }

    static intptr_t VSTCALLBACK carla_vst_audioMasterCallback(AEffect* effect, int32_t opcode, int32_t index, intptr_t value, void* ptr, float opt)
    {
#if defined(DEBUG) && ! defined(CARLA_OS_WIN)
        if (opcode != audioMasterGetTime && opcode != audioMasterProcessEvents && opcode != audioMasterGetCurrentProcessLevel && opcode != audioMasterGetOutputLatency)
            carla_debug("carla_vst_audioMasterCallback(%p, %02i:%s, %i, " P_INTPTR ", %p, %f)", effect, opcode, vstMasterOpcode2str(opcode), index, value, ptr, opt);
#endif

        switch (opcode)
        {
        case audioMasterVersion:
            return kVstVersion;

        case audioMasterGetVendorString:
            CARLA_ASSERT(ptr != nullptr);

            if (ptr != nullptr)
            {
                std::strcpy((char*)ptr, "falkTX");
                return 1;
            }
            else
            {
                carla_stderr("carla_vst_audioMasterCallback() - audioMasterGetVendorString called with invalid pointer");
                return 0;
            }

        case audioMasterGetProductString:
            CARLA_ASSERT(ptr != nullptr);

            if (ptr != nullptr)
            {
                std::strcpy((char*)ptr, "Carla");
                return 1;
            }
            else
            {
                carla_stderr("carla_vst_audioMasterCallback() - audioMasterGetProductString called with invalid pointer");
                return 0;
            }

        case audioMasterGetVendorVersion:
            return 0x1000; // 1.0.0

        case audioMasterCanDo:
            CARLA_ASSERT(ptr != nullptr);

            if (ptr != nullptr)
            {
                return carla_vst_hostCanDo((const char*)ptr);
            }
            else
            {
                carla_stderr("carla_vst_audioMasterCallback() - audioMasterCanDo called with invalid pointer");
                return 0;
            }

        case audioMasterGetLanguage:
            return kVstLangEnglish;
        }

        // Check if 'resvd1' points to us, otherwise register ourselfs if possible
        VstPlugin* self = nullptr;

        if (effect != nullptr)
        {
#ifdef VESTIGE_HEADER
            if (effect->ptr1 != nullptr)
            {
                self = (VstPlugin*)effect->ptr1;
#else
            if (effect->resvd1 != 0)
            {
                self = FromVstPtr<VstPlugin>(effect->resvd1);
#endif
                if (self->fUnique1 != self->fUnique2)
                    self = nullptr;
            }

            if (self != nullptr)
            {
                if (self->fEffect == nullptr)
                    self->fEffect = effect;

                if (self->fEffect != effect)
                {
                    carla_stderr2("carla_vst_audioMasterCallback() - host pointer mismatch: %p != %p", self->fEffect, effect);
                    self = nullptr;
                }
            }
            else if (sLastVstPlugin != nullptr)
            {
#ifdef VESTIGE_HEADER
                effect->ptr1 = sLastVstPlugin;
#else
                effect->resvd1 = ToVstPtr<VstPlugin>(sLastVstPlugin);
#endif
                self = sLastVstPlugin;
            }
        }

        return (self != nullptr) ? self->handleAudioMasterCallback(opcode, index, value, ptr, opt) : 0;
    }

    CARLA_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR(VstPlugin)
};

VstPlugin* VstPlugin::sLastVstPlugin = nullptr;

CARLA_BACKEND_END_NAMESPACE

#else // WANT_VST
# warning Building without VST support
#endif

CARLA_BACKEND_START_NAMESPACE

CarlaPlugin* CarlaPlugin::newVST(const Initializer& init)
{
    carla_debug("CarlaPlugin::newVST({%p, \"%s\", \"%s\"})", init.engine, init.filename, init.name);

#ifdef WANT_VST
    VstPlugin* const plugin(new VstPlugin(init.engine, init.id));

    if (! plugin->init(init.filename, init.name))
    {
        delete plugin;
        return nullptr;
    }

    plugin->reload();

    if (init.engine->getProccessMode() == PROCESS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_RACK && ! CarlaPluginProtectedData::canRunInRack(plugin))
    {
        init.engine->setLastError("Carla's rack mode can only work with Stereo VST plugins, sorry!");
        delete plugin;
        return nullptr;
    }

    return plugin;
#else
    init.engine->setLastError("VST support not available");
    return nullptr;
#endif
}

CARLA_BACKEND_END_NAMESPACE