Rack/include/util.hpp

#pragma once

#include <stdint.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <random>
#include <string>


namespace rack {

////////////////////
// Math
////////////////////

/** Limits a value between a minimum and maximum
If min > max for some reason, returns min
*/
inline float clampf(float x, float min, float max) {
	if (x > max)
		x = max;
	if (x < min)
		x = min;
	return x;
}

/** If the magnitude of x if less than eps, return 0 */
inline float chopf(float x, float eps) {
	if (x < eps && x > -eps)
		return 0.0;
	return x;
}

inline float mapf(float x, float xMin, float xMax, float yMin, float yMax) {
	return yMin + (x - xMin) / (xMax - xMin) * (yMax - yMin);
}

inline float crossf(float a, float b, float frac) {
	return (1.0 - frac) * a + frac * b;
}

inline int mini(int a, int b) {
	return a < b ? a : b;
}

inline int maxi(int a, int b) {
	return a > b ? a : b;
}

inline float quadraticBipolar(float x) {
	float x2 = x*x;
	return x >= 0.0 ? x2 : -x2;
}

inline float cubic(float x) {
	// optimal with --fast-math
	return x*x*x;
}

inline float quarticBipolar(float x) {
	float x2 = x*x;
	float x4 = x2*x2;
	return x >= 0.0 ? x4 : -x4;
}

inline float quintic(float x) {
	// optimal with --fast-math
	return x*x*x*x*x;
}

// Euclidean modulus, always returns 0 <= mod < base for positive base
// Assumes this architecture's division is non-Euclidean
inline int eucMod(int a, int base) {
	int mod = a % base;
	return mod < 0 ? mod + base : mod;
}

inline float getf(const float *p, float v = 0.0) {
	return p ? *p : v;
}

inline void setf(float *p, float v) {
	if (p)
		*p = v;
}

/** Linearly interpolate an array `p` with index `x`
Assumes that the array at `p` is of length at least ceil(x)+1.
*/
inline float interpf(const float *p, float x) {
	int xi = x;
	float xf = x - xi;
	return crossf(p[xi], p[xi+1], xf);
}

////////////////////
// RNG
////////////////////

uint32_t randomu32();
/** Returns a uniform random float in the interval [0.0, 1.0) */
float randomf();
/** Returns a normal random number with mean 0 and std dev 1 */
float randomNormal();

////////////////////
// 2D float vector
////////////////////

struct Vec {
	float x, y;

	Vec() : x(0.0), y(0.0) {}
	Vec(float x, float y) : x(x), y(y) {}

	Vec neg() {
		return Vec(-x, -y);
	}
	Vec plus(Vec b) {
		return Vec(x + b.x, y + b.y);
	}
	Vec minus(Vec b) {
		return Vec(x - b.x, y - b.y);
	}
	Vec mult(float s) {
		return Vec(x * s, y * s);
	}
	Vec div(float s) {
		return Vec(x / s, y / s);
	}
	float dot(Vec b) {
		return x * b.x + y * b.y;
	}
	float norm() {
		return hypotf(x, y);
	}
	Vec min(Vec b) {
		return Vec(fminf(x, b.x), fminf(y, b.y));
	}
	Vec max(Vec b) {
		return Vec(fmaxf(x, b.x), fmaxf(y, b.y));
	}
	Vec round() {
		return Vec(roundf(x), roundf(y));
	}
};


struct Rect {
	Vec pos;
	Vec size;

	Rect() {}
	Rect(Vec pos, Vec size) : pos(pos), size(size) {}

	/** Returns whether this Rect contains another Rect, inclusive on the top/left, non-inclusive on the bottom/right */
	bool contains(Vec v) {
		return pos.x <= v.x && v.x < pos.x + size.x
			&& pos.y <= v.y && v.y < pos.y + size.y;
	}
	/** Returns whether this Rect overlaps with another Rect */
	bool intersects(Rect r) {
		return (pos.x + size.x > r.pos.x && r.pos.x + r.size.x > pos.x)
			&& (pos.y + size.y > r.pos.y && r.pos.y + r.size.y > pos.y);
	}
	Vec getCenter() {
		return pos.plus(size.mult(0.5));
	}
	Vec getTopRight() {
		return pos.plus(Vec(size.x, 0.0));
	}
	Vec getBottomLeft() {
		return pos.plus(Vec(0.0, size.y));
	}
	Vec getBottomRight() {
		return pos.plus(size);
	}
	/** Clamps the position to fix inside a bounding box */
	Rect clamp(Rect bound) {
		Rect r;
		r.size = size;
		r.pos.x = clampf(pos.x, bound.pos.x, bound.pos.x + bound.size.x - size.x);
		r.pos.y = clampf(pos.y, bound.pos.y, bound.pos.y + bound.size.y - size.y);
		return r;
	}
};

////////////////////
// Helper functions
////////////////////

/** Converts a printf format string and optional arguments into a std::string */
std::string stringf(const char *format, ...);


} // namespace rack