/*! \page hello Hello Sine!

We'll continue our introduction to the Synthesis ToolKit with a simple
sine-wave oscillator program.  STK provides two different classes for
sine-wave generation.  We will first look at a generic waveform
oscillator class, stk::FileLoop, that can load a variety of common file
types.  In this example, we load a sine "table" from an STK RAW file
(defined as monophonic, 16-bit, big-endian data).  We use the class
stk::FileWvOut to write the result to a 16-bit, WAV formatted audio file.

\code

// sineosc.cpp

#include "FileLoop.h"
#include "FileWvOut.h"
using namespace stk;

int main()
{
  // Set the global sample rate before creating class instances.
  Stk::setSampleRate( 44100.0 );

  FileLoop input;
  FileWvOut output;

  // Load the sine wave file.
  input.openFile( "rawwaves/sinewave.raw", true );

  // Open a 16-bit, one-channel WAV formatted output file
  output.openFile( "hellosine.wav", 1, FileWrite::FILE_WAV, Stk::STK_SINT16 );

  input.setFrequency( 440.0 );

  // Run the oscillator for 40000 samples, writing to the output file
  for ( int i=0; i<40000; i++ )
    output.tick( input.tick() );

  return 0;
}
\endcode

stk::FileLoop is a subclass of stk::FileWvIn, which supports WAV, SND
(AU), AIFF, MAT-file (Matlab), and RAW file formats with 8-, 16-, and
32-bit integer and 32- and 64-bit floating-point data types.
stk::FileWvIn provides interpolating, read-once ("oneshot")
functionality, as well as methods for setting the read rate and read
position.

stk::FileWvIn provides a "tick level" and interpolating interface to
the stk::FileRead class.  Likewise, stk::FileWvOut provides a "tick
level" interface to the stk::FileWrite class.  stk::FileRead and
FileWrite both support WAV, SND(AU), AIFF, MAT-file (Matlab), and RAW
file formats with 8-, 16-, and 32-bit integer and 32- and 64-bit
floating-point data types.  stk::FileWvOut does not currently offer
data interpolation functionality.

A number of STK parent classes, including stk::WvIn, stk::WvOut,
stk::Instrmnt, stk::Generator, and stk::Effect, (and some or all of
their subclasses) support multi-channel sample frames.  If a
single-sample version of the <TT>tick()</TT> function is called for
these classes, a full sample frame is computed but only a single value
is either input and/or output.  For example, if the single-sample
<TT>tick()</TT> function is called for subclasses of stk::WvOut, the
sample argument is written to all channels in the one computed frame.
For classes returning values, an optional \c channel argument
specifies which channel value is returned from the computed frame (the
default is always channel 0). To input and/or output multichannel data
to these classes, the overloaded <TT>tick()</TT> functions taking
StkFrames reference arguments should be used.

Nearly all STK classes inherit from the stk::Stk base class.  Stk
provides a static sample rate that is queried by subclasses as needed.
Because many classes use the current sample rate value during
instantiation, it is important that the desired value be set at the
beginning of a program.  The default STK sample rate is 44100 Hz.

\section error Error Handling

The ToolKit has some basic C++ error handling functionality built in.
Classes that access files and/or hardware are most prone to runtime
errors.  To properly "catch" such errors, the above example should be
rewritten as shown below.

\include sineosc.cpp

In this particular case, we simply exit the program if an error occurs
(an error message is automatically printed to stderr).  A more refined
program might attempt to recover from or fix a particular problem and,
if successful, continue processing.  See the \ref classes to determine
which constructors and functions can throw an error.

[<A HREF="fundamentals.html">Main tutorial page</A>] &nbsp; [<A HREF="compile.html">Next tutorial</A>]
*/