JUCE/modules/juce_audio_devices/native/juce_android_OpenSL.cpp

/*
  ==============================================================================

   This file is part of the JUCE library.
   Copyright (c) 2017 - ROLI Ltd.

   JUCE is an open source library subject to commercial or open-source
   licensing.

   The code included in this file is provided under the terms of the ISC license
   http://www.isc.org/downloads/software-support-policy/isc-license. Permission
   To use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any purpose with or
   without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice and
   this permission notice appear in all copies.

   JUCE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, AND ALL WARRANTIES, WHETHER
   EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PURPOSE, ARE
   DISCLAIMED.

  ==============================================================================
*/

namespace juce
{

#define JNI_CLASS_MEMBERS(METHOD, STATICMETHOD, FIELD, STATICFIELD, CALLBACK) \
DECLARE_JNI_CLASS (AndroidAudioManager, "android/media/AudioManager")
#undef JNI_CLASS_MEMBERS

//==============================================================================
#ifndef SL_ANDROID_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX
 #define SL_ANDROID_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX                   ((SLuint32) 0x00000004)
#endif

#ifndef SL_ANDROID_PCM_REPRESENTATION_FLOAT
 #define SL_ANDROID_PCM_REPRESENTATION_FLOAT            ((SLuint32) 0x00000003)
#endif

#ifndef SL_ANDROID_RECORDING_PRESET_UNPROCESSED
 #define SL_ANDROID_RECORDING_PRESET_UNPROCESSED        ((SLuint32) 0x00000005)
#endif

//==============================================================================
struct PCMDataFormatEx : SLDataFormat_PCM
{
    SLuint32 representation;
};

//==============================================================================
template <typename T> struct IntfIID;
template <> struct IntfIID<SLObjectItf_>                   { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };
template <> struct IntfIID<SLEngineItf_>                   { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };
template <> struct IntfIID<SLOutputMixItf_>                { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };
template <> struct IntfIID<SLPlayItf_>                     { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };
template <> struct IntfIID<SLRecordItf_>                   { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };
template <> struct IntfIID<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_> { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };
template <> struct IntfIID<SLAndroidConfigurationItf_>     { static SLInterfaceID_ iid; };

SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLObjectItf_>::iid                   = { 0x79216360, 0xddd7, 0x11db, 0xac16, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };
SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLEngineItf_>::iid                   = { 0x8d97c260, 0xddd4, 0x11db, 0x958f, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };
SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLOutputMixItf_>::iid                = { 0x97750f60, 0xddd7, 0x11db, 0x92b1, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };
SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLPlayItf_>::iid                     = { 0xef0bd9c0, 0xddd7, 0x11db, 0xbf49, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };
SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLRecordItf_>::iid                   = { 0xc5657aa0, 0xdddb, 0x11db, 0x82f7, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };
SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_>::iid = { 0x198e4940, 0xc5d7, 0x11df, 0xa2a6, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };
SLInterfaceID_ IntfIID<SLAndroidConfigurationItf_>::iid     = { 0x89f6a7e0, 0xbeac, 0x11df, 0x8b5c, {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b} };

template <typename SLObjectType>
static void destroyObject (SLObjectType object)
{
    if (object != nullptr && *object != nullptr)
        (*object)->Destroy (object);
}

template <>
struct ContainerDeletePolicy<const SLObjectItf_* const>
{
    static void destroy (SLObjectItf object)
    {
        destroyObject (object);
    }
};

//==============================================================================
// Some life-time and type management of OpenSL objects
class SlObjectRef
{
public:
    //==============================================================================
    SlObjectRef() noexcept {}
    SlObjectRef (const SlObjectRef& obj) noexcept : cb (obj.cb) {}
    SlObjectRef (SlObjectRef&& obj) noexcept : cb (std::move (obj.cb)) { obj.cb = nullptr; }
    explicit SlObjectRef (SLObjectItf o) : cb (new ControlBlock (o)) {}

    //==============================================================================
    SlObjectRef& operator= (const SlObjectRef& r) noexcept  { cb = r.cb; return *this; }
    SlObjectRef& operator= (SlObjectRef&& r) noexcept       { cb = std::move (r.cb); r.cb = nullptr; return *this; }
    SlObjectRef& operator= (std::nullptr_t) noexcept        { cb = nullptr; return *this; }

    //==============================================================================
    const SLObjectItf_* operator*() noexcept                { return *cb->ptr.get(); }
    SLObjectItf operator->() noexcept                       { return (cb == nullptr ? nullptr :  cb->ptr.get()); }
    operator SLObjectItf() noexcept                         { return (cb == nullptr ? nullptr :  cb->ptr.get()); }

    //==============================================================================
    bool operator== (nullptr_t) const noexcept              { return (cb == nullptr || cb->ptr == nullptr); }
    bool operator!= (nullptr_t) const noexcept              { return (cb != nullptr && cb->ptr != nullptr); }

private:
    //==============================================================================
    struct ControlBlock : ReferenceCountedObject
    {
        ControlBlock() = default;
        ControlBlock (SLObjectItf o) : ptr (o) {}

        std::unique_ptr<const SLObjectItf_* const> ptr;
    };

    ReferenceCountedObjectPtr<ControlBlock> cb;
};

template <typename T>
class SlRef : public SlObjectRef
{
public:
    //==============================================================================
    SlRef() noexcept {}
    SlRef (const SlRef& r) noexcept : SlObjectRef (r), type (r.type) {}
    SlRef (SlRef&& r) noexcept : SlObjectRef (std::move (r)), type (r.type) { r.type = nullptr; }

    //==============================================================================
    SlRef& operator= (const SlRef& r)  noexcept { SlObjectRef::operator= (r); type = r.type; return *this; }
    SlRef& operator= (SlRef&& r) noexcept       { SlObjectRef::operator= (std::move (r)); type = r.type; r.type = nullptr; return *this; }
    SlRef& operator= (std::nullptr_t) noexcept  { SlObjectRef::operator= (nullptr); type = nullptr; return *this; }

    //==============================================================================
    T* const operator*() noexcept               { return *type; }
    T* const* operator->() noexcept             { return type; }
    operator T* const*() noexcept               { return type; }

    //==============================================================================
    static SlRef cast (SlObjectRef&  base)      { return SlRef (base); }
    static SlRef cast (SlObjectRef&& base)      { return SlRef (std::move (base)); }

private:
    SlRef (SlObjectRef& base) : SlObjectRef (base)
    {
        if (auto obj = SlObjectRef::operator->())
        {
            auto err = (*obj)->GetInterface (obj, &IntfIID<T>::iid, &type);

            if (type != nullptr && err == SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
                return;
        }

        *this = nullptr;
    }

    SlRef (SlObjectRef&& base) : SlObjectRef (std::move (base))
    {
        if (auto obj = SlObjectRef::operator->())
        {
            auto err = (*obj)->GetInterface (obj, &IntfIID<T>::iid, &type);
            base = nullptr;

            if (type != nullptr && err == SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
                return;
        }

        *this = nullptr;
    }

    T* const* type = nullptr;
};

//==============================================================================
template <typename T> struct BufferHelpers {};

template <>
struct BufferHelpers<int16>
{
    enum { isFloatingPoint = 0 };

    static void initPCMDataFormat (PCMDataFormatEx& dataFormat, int numChannels, double sampleRate)
    {
        dataFormat.formatType     = SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM;
        dataFormat.numChannels    = (SLuint32) numChannels;
        dataFormat.samplesPerSec  = (SLuint32) (sampleRate * 1000);
        dataFormat.bitsPerSample  = SL_PCMSAMPLEFORMAT_FIXED_16;
        dataFormat.containerSize  = SL_PCMSAMPLEFORMAT_FIXED_16;
        dataFormat.channelMask    = (numChannels == 1) ? SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER :
                                                        (SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT);
        dataFormat.endianness     = SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN;
        dataFormat.representation = 0;
    }

    static void prepareCallbackBuffer (AudioBuffer<float>&, int16*) {}

    static void convertFromOpenSL (const int16* srcInterleaved, AudioBuffer<float>& audioBuffer)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < audioBuffer.getNumChannels(); ++i)
        {
            using DstSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::NativeEndian, AudioData::NonInterleaved, AudioData::NonConst>;
            using SrcSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Int16,   AudioData::LittleEndian, AudioData::Interleaved,    AudioData::Const>;

            DstSampleType dstData (audioBuffer.getWritePointer (i));
            SrcSampleType srcData (srcInterleaved + i, audioBuffer.getNumChannels());
            dstData.convertSamples (srcData, audioBuffer.getNumSamples());
        }
    }

    static void convertToOpenSL (const AudioBuffer<float>& audioBuffer, int16* dstInterleaved)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < audioBuffer.getNumChannels(); ++i)
        {
            using DstSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Int16,   AudioData::LittleEndian, AudioData::Interleaved, AudioData::NonConst>;
            using SrcSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::NativeEndian, AudioData::NonInterleaved, AudioData::Const>;

            DstSampleType dstData (dstInterleaved + i, audioBuffer.getNumChannels());
            SrcSampleType srcData (audioBuffer.getReadPointer (i));

            dstData.convertSamples (srcData, audioBuffer.getNumSamples());
        }
    }

};

template <>
struct BufferHelpers<float>
{
    enum { isFloatingPoint = 1 };

    static void initPCMDataFormat (PCMDataFormatEx& dataFormat, int numChannels, double sampleRate)
    {
        dataFormat.formatType     = SL_ANDROID_DATAFORMAT_PCM_EX;
        dataFormat.numChannels    = (SLuint32) numChannels;
        dataFormat.samplesPerSec  = (SLuint32) (sampleRate * 1000);
        dataFormat.bitsPerSample  = 32;
        dataFormat.containerSize  = 32;
        dataFormat.channelMask    = (numChannels == 1) ? SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_CENTER :
                                                        (SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT);
        dataFormat.endianness     = SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN;
        dataFormat.representation = SL_ANDROID_PCM_REPRESENTATION_FLOAT;
    }

    static void prepareCallbackBuffer (AudioBuffer<float>& audioBuffer, float* native)
    {
        if (audioBuffer.getNumChannels() == 1)
            audioBuffer.setDataToReferTo (&native, 1, audioBuffer.getNumSamples());
    }

    static void convertFromOpenSL (const float* srcInterleaved, AudioBuffer<float>& audioBuffer)
    {
        if (audioBuffer.getNumChannels() == 1)
        {
            jassert (srcInterleaved == audioBuffer.getWritePointer (0));
            return;
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < audioBuffer.getNumChannels(); ++i)
        {
            using DstSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::NativeEndian, AudioData::NonInterleaved, AudioData::NonConst>;
            using SrcSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::LittleEndian, AudioData::Interleaved,    AudioData::Const>;

            DstSampleType dstData (audioBuffer.getWritePointer (i));
            SrcSampleType srcData (srcInterleaved + i, audioBuffer.getNumChannels());
            dstData.convertSamples (srcData, audioBuffer.getNumSamples());
        }
    }

    static void convertToOpenSL (const AudioBuffer<float>& audioBuffer, float* dstInterleaved)
    {
        if (audioBuffer.getNumChannels() == 1)
        {
            jassert (dstInterleaved == audioBuffer.getReadPointer (0));
            return;
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < audioBuffer.getNumChannels(); ++i)
        {
            using DstSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::LittleEndian, AudioData::Interleaved,    AudioData::NonConst>;
            using SrcSampleType = AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::NativeEndian, AudioData::NonInterleaved, AudioData::Const>;

            DstSampleType dstData (dstInterleaved + i, audioBuffer.getNumChannels());
            SrcSampleType srcData (audioBuffer.getReadPointer (i));

            dstData.convertSamples (srcData, audioBuffer.getNumSamples());
        }
    }
};

//==============================================================================
using CreateEngineFunc = SLresult (*) (SLObjectItf*, SLuint32, const SLEngineOption*,
                                       SLuint32, const SLInterfaceID*, const SLboolean*);

struct OpenSLEngineHolder
{
    OpenSLEngineHolder()
    {
        if (auto createEngine = (CreateEngineFunc) slLibrary.getFunction ("slCreateEngine"))
        {
            SLObjectItf obj = nullptr;
            auto err = createEngine (&obj, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr);

            if (err != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr || *obj == nullptr
                || (*obj)->Realize (obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
            }

            engine = SlRef<SLEngineItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));
        }
    }

    DynamicLibrary slLibrary { "libOpenSLES.so" };
    SlRef<SLEngineItf_> engine;
};

OpenSLEngineHolder& getEngineHolder()
{
    static OpenSLEngineHolder holder;
    return holder;
}

//==============================================================================
class SLRealtimeThread;

//==============================================================================
class OpenSLAudioIODevice  : public AudioIODevice
{
public:
    //==============================================================================
    template <typename T>
    class OpenSLSessionT;

    //==============================================================================
    // CRTP
    template <typename T, class Child, typename RunnerObjectType>
    struct OpenSLQueueRunner
    {
        OpenSLQueueRunner (OpenSLSessionT<T>& sessionToUse, int numChannelsToUse)
            : owner (sessionToUse),
              numChannels (numChannelsToUse),
              nativeBuffer (static_cast<size_t> (numChannels * owner.bufferSize * owner.numBuffers)),
              scratchBuffer (numChannelsToUse, owner.bufferSize),
              sampleBuffer (scratchBuffer.getArrayOfWritePointers(), numChannelsToUse, owner.bufferSize)
        {}

        ~OpenSLQueueRunner()
        {
            if (config != nullptr && javaProxy != nullptr)
            {
                javaProxy.clear();
                (*config)->ReleaseJavaProxy (config, /*SL_ANDROID_JAVA_PROXY_ROUTING*/1);
            }
        }

        bool init()
        {
            runner = crtp().createPlayerOrRecorder();

            if (runner == nullptr)
                return false;

            const bool supportsJavaProxy = (getAndroidSDKVersion() >= 24);

            if (supportsJavaProxy)
            {
                // may return nullptr on some platforms - that's ok
                config = SlRef<SLAndroidConfigurationItf_>::cast (runner);

                if (config != nullptr)
                {
                    jobject audioRoutingJni;
                    auto status = (*config)->AcquireJavaProxy (config, /*SL_ANDROID_JAVA_PROXY_ROUTING*/1,
                                                               &audioRoutingJni);

                    if (status == SL_RESULT_SUCCESS && audioRoutingJni != nullptr)
                        javaProxy = GlobalRef (LocalRef<jobject>(getEnv()->NewLocalRef (audioRoutingJni)));
                }
            }

            queue = SlRef<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_>::cast (runner);

            if (queue == nullptr)
                return false;

            return ((*queue)->RegisterCallback (queue, staticFinished, this) == SL_RESULT_SUCCESS);
        }

        void clear()
        {
            nextBlock.set (0);
            numBlocksOut.set (0);

            zeromem (nativeBuffer.get(), static_cast<size_t> (owner.bufferSize * numChannels * owner.numBuffers) * sizeof (T));
            scratchBuffer.clear();
            (*queue)->Clear (queue);
        }

        void enqueueBuffer()
        {
            (*queue)->Enqueue (queue, getCurrentBuffer(), static_cast<SLuint32> (getBufferSizeInSamples() * sizeof (T)));
            ++numBlocksOut;
        }

        bool isBufferAvailable() const         { return (numBlocksOut.get() < owner.numBuffers); }
        T* getNextBuffer()                     { nextBlock.set((nextBlock.get() + 1) % owner.numBuffers); return getCurrentBuffer(); }
        T* getCurrentBuffer()                  { return nativeBuffer.get() + (static_cast<size_t> (nextBlock.get()) * getBufferSizeInSamples()); }
        size_t getBufferSizeInSamples() const  { return static_cast<size_t> (owner.bufferSize * numChannels); }

        void finished (SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf)
        {
            --numBlocksOut;
            owner.doSomeWorkOnAudioThread();
        }

        static void staticFinished (SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf caller, void *pContext)
        {
            reinterpret_cast<OpenSLQueueRunner*> (pContext)->finished (caller);
        }

        // get the "this" pointer for CRTP
        Child&       crtp()       { return * ((Child*) this); }
        const Child& crtp() const { return * ((Child*) this); }

        OpenSLSessionT<T>& owner;

        SlRef<RunnerObjectType> runner;
        SlRef<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_> queue;
        SlRef<SLAndroidConfigurationItf_> config;
        GlobalRef javaProxy;

        int numChannels;

        HeapBlock<T> nativeBuffer;
        AudioBuffer<float> scratchBuffer, sampleBuffer;

        Atomic<int> nextBlock { 0 }, numBlocksOut { 0 };
    };

    //==============================================================================
    template <typename T>
    struct OpenSLQueueRunnerPlayer      : OpenSLQueueRunner<T, OpenSLQueueRunnerPlayer<T>, SLPlayItf_>
    {
        using Base = OpenSLQueueRunner<T, OpenSLQueueRunnerPlayer<T>, SLPlayItf_>;

        OpenSLQueueRunnerPlayer (OpenSLSessionT<T>& sessionToUse, int numChannelsToUse)
            : Base (sessionToUse, numChannelsToUse)
        {}

        SlRef<SLPlayItf_> createPlayerOrRecorder()
        {
            SLDataLocator_AndroidSimpleBufferQueue queueLocator = { SL_DATALOCATOR_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE, static_cast<SLuint32> (Base::owner.numBuffers) };
            SLDataLocator_OutputMix outputMix = { SL_DATALOCATOR_OUTPUTMIX, Base::owner.outputMix };

            PCMDataFormatEx dataFormat;
            BufferHelpers<T>::initPCMDataFormat (dataFormat, Base::numChannels, Base::owner.sampleRate);

            SLDataSource source = { &queueLocator, &dataFormat };
            SLDataSink   sink   = { &outputMix,    nullptr };

            SLInterfaceID queueInterfaces[] = { &IntfIID<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_>::iid, &IntfIID<SLAndroidConfigurationItf_>::iid };
            SLboolean interfaceRequired[] = {SL_BOOLEAN_TRUE, SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE};

            SLObjectItf obj = nullptr;

            auto& holder = getEngineHolder();

            if (auto e = *holder.engine)
            {
                auto status = e->CreateAudioPlayer (holder.engine, &obj, &source, &sink, 2,
                                                    queueInterfaces, interfaceRequired);

                if (status != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr || (*obj)->Realize(obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
                {
                    destroyObject (obj);
                    return {};
                }
            }

            return SlRef<SLPlayItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));
        }

        void setState (bool running)    { (*Base::runner)->SetPlayState (Base::runner, running ? SL_PLAYSTATE_PLAYING : SL_PLAYSTATE_STOPPED); }
    };

    template <typename T>
    struct OpenSLQueueRunnerRecorder  : public OpenSLQueueRunner<T, OpenSLQueueRunnerRecorder<T>, SLRecordItf_>
    {
        using Base = OpenSLQueueRunner<T, OpenSLQueueRunnerRecorder<T>, SLRecordItf_>;

        OpenSLQueueRunnerRecorder (OpenSLSessionT<T>& sessionToUse, int numChannelsToUse)
            : Base (sessionToUse, numChannelsToUse)
        {}

        SlRef<SLRecordItf_> createPlayerOrRecorder()
        {
            SLDataLocator_IODevice ioDeviceLocator = { SL_DATALOCATOR_IODEVICE, SL_IODEVICE_AUDIOINPUT, SL_DEFAULTDEVICEID_AUDIOINPUT, nullptr };
            SLDataLocator_AndroidSimpleBufferQueue queueLocator = { SL_DATALOCATOR_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE, static_cast<SLuint32> (Base::owner.numBuffers) };

            PCMDataFormatEx dataFormat;
            BufferHelpers<T>::initPCMDataFormat (dataFormat, Base::numChannels, Base::owner.sampleRate);

            SLDataSource source = { &ioDeviceLocator, nullptr };
            SLDataSink   sink   = { &queueLocator,    &dataFormat };

            SLInterfaceID queueInterfaces[] = { &IntfIID<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_>::iid, &IntfIID<SLAndroidConfigurationItf_>::iid };
            SLboolean interfaceRequired[] = { SL_BOOLEAN_TRUE, SL_BOOLEAN_FALSE };

            SLObjectItf obj = nullptr;

            auto& holder = getEngineHolder();

            if (auto e = *holder.engine)
            {
                auto status = e->CreateAudioRecorder (holder.engine, &obj, &source, &sink, 2, queueInterfaces, interfaceRequired);

                if (status != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr || (*obj)->Realize (obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
                {
                    destroyObject (obj);
                    return {};
                }
            }

            return SlRef<SLRecordItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));
        }

        bool setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (bool shouldEnable)
        {
            if (Base::config != nullptr)
            {
                const bool supportsUnprocessed = (getAndroidSDKVersion() >= 25);
                const SLuint32 recordingPresetValue
                    = (shouldEnable ? SL_ANDROID_RECORDING_PRESET_GENERIC
                                    : (supportsUnprocessed ? SL_ANDROID_RECORDING_PRESET_UNPROCESSED
                                                           : SL_ANDROID_RECORDING_PRESET_VOICE_RECOGNITION));

                auto status = (*Base::config)->SetConfiguration (Base::config, SL_ANDROID_KEY_RECORDING_PRESET,
                                                                 &recordingPresetValue, sizeof (recordingPresetValue));

                return (status == SL_RESULT_SUCCESS);
            }

            return false;
        }

        void setState (bool running)    { (*Base::runner)->SetRecordState (Base::runner, running ? SL_RECORDSTATE_RECORDING
                                                                                                 : SL_RECORDSTATE_STOPPED); }
    };

    //==============================================================================
    class OpenSLSession
    {
    public:
        OpenSLSession (int numInputChannels, int numOutputChannels,
                       double samleRateToUse, int bufferSizeToUse,
                       int numBuffersToUse)
            : inputChannels (numInputChannels), outputChannels (numOutputChannels),
              sampleRate (samleRateToUse), bufferSize (bufferSizeToUse), numBuffers (numBuffersToUse)
        {
            jassert (numInputChannels > 0 || numOutputChannels > 0);

            if (outputChannels > 0)
            {
                auto& holder = getEngineHolder();
                SLObjectItf obj = nullptr;

                auto err = (*holder.engine)->CreateOutputMix (holder.engine, &obj, 0, nullptr, nullptr);

                if (err != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr || *obj == nullptr
                     || (*obj)->Realize (obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
                {
                    destroyObject (obj);
                    return;
                }

                outputMix = SlRef<SLOutputMixItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));
            }
        }

        virtual ~OpenSLSession() {}

        virtual bool openedOK() const    { return (outputChannels == 0 || outputMix != nullptr); }
        virtual void start()             { stop(); jassert (callback.get() != nullptr); running = true; }
        virtual void stop()              { running = false; }

        virtual bool setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (bool shouldEnable) = 0;
        virtual bool supportsFloatingPoint() const noexcept = 0;
        virtual int getXRunCount() const noexcept = 0;

        void setCallback (AudioIODeviceCallback* callbackToUse)
        {
            if (! running)
            {
                callback.set (callbackToUse);
                return;
            }

            // don't set callback to null! stop the playback instead!
            jassert (callbackToUse != nullptr);

            // spin-lock until we can set the callback
            for (;;)
            {
                auto old = callback.get();

                if (old == callbackToUse)
                    break;

                if (callback.compareAndSetBool (callbackToUse, old))
                    break;

                Thread::sleep (1);
            }
        }

        void process (const float** inputChannelData, float** outputChannelData)
        {
            if (auto* cb = callback.exchange (nullptr))
            {
                cb->audioDeviceIOCallback (inputChannelData, inputChannels, outputChannelData, outputChannels, bufferSize);
                callback.set (cb);
            }
            else
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < outputChannels; ++i)
                    zeromem (outputChannelData[i], sizeof(float) * static_cast<size_t> (bufferSize));
            }
        }

        static OpenSLSession* create (int numInputChannels, int numOutputChannels,
                                      double samleRateToUse, int bufferSizeToUse,
                                      int numBuffersToUse);

        //==============================================================================
        int inputChannels, outputChannels;
        double sampleRate;
        int bufferSize, numBuffers;
        bool running = false, audioProcessingEnabled = true;

        SlRef<SLOutputMixItf_> outputMix;

        Atomic<AudioIODeviceCallback*> callback { nullptr };
    };

    template <typename T>
    class OpenSLSessionT : public OpenSLSession
    {
    public:
        OpenSLSessionT (int numInputChannels, int numOutputChannels,
                        double samleRateToUse, int bufferSizeToUse,
                        int numBuffersToUse)
            : OpenSLSession (numInputChannels, numOutputChannels,
                             samleRateToUse, bufferSizeToUse, numBuffersToUse)
        {
            jassert (numInputChannels > 0 || numOutputChannels > 0);

            if (OpenSLSession::openedOK())
            {
                if (inputChannels > 0)
                {
                    recorder.reset (new OpenSLQueueRunnerRecorder<T> (*this, inputChannels));

                    if (! recorder->init())
                    {
                        recorder = nullptr;
                        return;
                    }
                }

                if (outputChannels > 0)
                {
                    player.reset (new OpenSLQueueRunnerPlayer<T> (*this, outputChannels));

                    if (! player->init())
                    {
                        player = nullptr;
                        return;
                    }

                    const bool supportsUnderrunCount = (getAndroidSDKVersion() >= 24);
                    getUnderrunCount = supportsUnderrunCount ? getEnv()->GetMethodID (AudioTrack, "getUnderrunCount", "()I") : nullptr;
                }
            }
        }

        bool openedOK() const override
        {
            return OpenSLSession::openedOK() && (inputChannels == 0  || recorder != nullptr)
                                             && (outputChannels == 0 || player   != nullptr);
        }

        void start() override
        {
            OpenSLSession::start();

            guard.set (0);

            if (inputChannels > 0)
                recorder->clear();

            if (outputChannels > 0)
                player->clear();

            // first enqueue all buffers
            for (int i = 0; i < numBuffers; ++i)
                doSomeWorkOnAudioThread();

            if (inputChannels > 0)
                recorder->setState (true);

            if (outputChannels > 0)
                player->setState (true);
        }

        void stop() override
        {
            OpenSLSession::stop();

            while (! guard.compareAndSetBool (1, 0))
                Thread::sleep (1);

            if (inputChannels > 0)
                recorder->setState (false);

            if (outputChannels > 0)
                player->setState (false);

            guard.set (0);
        }

        bool setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (bool shouldEnable) override
        {
            if (shouldEnable != audioProcessingEnabled)
            {
                audioProcessingEnabled = shouldEnable;

                if (recorder != nullptr)
                    return recorder->setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (audioProcessingEnabled);
            }

            return true;
        }

        int getXRunCount() const noexcept override
        {
            if (player != nullptr && player->javaProxy != nullptr && getUnderrunCount != nullptr)
                return getEnv()->CallIntMethod (player->javaProxy, getUnderrunCount);

            return -1;
        }

        bool supportsFloatingPoint() const noexcept override          { return (BufferHelpers<T>::isFloatingPoint != 0); }

        void doSomeWorkOnAudioThread()
        {
            // only the player or the recorder should enter this section at any time
            if (guard.compareAndSetBool (1, 0))
            {
                // are there enough buffers available to process some audio
                if ((inputChannels == 0 || recorder->isBufferAvailable()) && (outputChannels == 0 || player->isBufferAvailable()))
                {
                    T* recorderBuffer = (inputChannels  > 0 ? recorder->getNextBuffer() : nullptr);
                    T* playerBuffer   = (outputChannels > 0 ? player->getNextBuffer()   : nullptr);

                    const float** inputChannelData = nullptr;
                    float** outputChannelData = nullptr;

                    if (recorderBuffer != nullptr)
                    {
                        BufferHelpers<T>::prepareCallbackBuffer (recorder->sampleBuffer, recorderBuffer);
                        BufferHelpers<T>::convertFromOpenSL (recorderBuffer, recorder->sampleBuffer);

                        inputChannelData = recorder->sampleBuffer.getArrayOfReadPointers();
                    }

                    if (playerBuffer != nullptr)
                    {
                        BufferHelpers<T>::prepareCallbackBuffer (player->sampleBuffer, playerBuffer);
                        outputChannelData = player->sampleBuffer.getArrayOfWritePointers();
                    }

                    process (inputChannelData, outputChannelData);

                    if (recorderBuffer != nullptr)
                        recorder->enqueueBuffer();

                    if (playerBuffer != nullptr)
                    {
                        BufferHelpers<T>::convertToOpenSL (player->sampleBuffer, playerBuffer);
                        player->enqueueBuffer();
                    }
                }

                guard.set (0);
            }
        }

        //==============================================================================
        std::unique_ptr<OpenSLQueueRunnerPlayer<T>> player;
        std::unique_ptr<OpenSLQueueRunnerRecorder<T>> recorder;
        Atomic<int> guard;
        jmethodID getUnderrunCount = nullptr;
    };

    //==============================================================================
    OpenSLAudioIODevice (const String& deviceName)  : AudioIODevice (deviceName, openSLTypeName)
    {
        // OpenSL has piss-poor support for determining latency, so the only way I can find to
        // get a number for this is by asking the AudioTrack/AudioRecord classes..
        AndroidAudioIODevice javaDevice (deviceName);

        // this is a total guess about how to calculate the latency, but seems to vaguely agree
        // with the devices I've tested.. YMMV
        inputLatency  = (javaDevice.minBufferSizeIn  * 2) / 3;
        outputLatency = (javaDevice.minBufferSizeOut * 2) / 3;

        const int64 longestLatency = jmax (inputLatency, outputLatency);
        const int64 totalLatency = inputLatency + outputLatency;
        inputLatency  = (int) ((longestLatency * inputLatency)  / totalLatency) & ~15;
        outputLatency = (int) ((longestLatency * outputLatency) / totalLatency) & ~15;

        // You can only create this class if you are sure that your hardware supports OpenSL
        jassert (getEngineHolder().slLibrary.getNativeHandle() != nullptr);
    }

    ~OpenSLAudioIODevice() override
    {
        close();
    }

    bool openedOk() const       { return session != nullptr; }

    StringArray getOutputChannelNames() override
    {
        StringArray s;
        s.add ("Left");
        s.add ("Right");
        return s;
    }

    StringArray getInputChannelNames() override
    {
        StringArray s;
        s.add ("Audio Input");
        return s;
    }

    Array<double> getAvailableSampleRates() override
    {
        // see https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/audio/opensl-for-android.html

        static const double rates[] = { 8000.0, 11025.0, 12000.0, 16000.0,
                                        22050.0, 24000.0, 32000.0, 44100.0, 48000.0 };

        Array<double> retval (rates, numElementsInArray (rates));

        // make sure the native sample rate is part of the list
        double native = AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeSampleRate();

        if (native != 0.0 && ! retval.contains (native))
            retval.add (native);

        return retval;
    }

    Array<int> getAvailableBufferSizes() override
    {
        return AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getAvailableBufferSizes (getAvailableSampleRates());
    }

    String open (const BigInteger& inputChannels,
                 const BigInteger& outputChannels,
                 double requestedSampleRate,
                 int bufferSize) override
    {
        close();

        lastError.clear();

        sampleRate = (int) (requestedSampleRate > 0 ? requestedSampleRate : AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeSampleRate());
        auto preferredBufferSize = (bufferSize > 0) ? bufferSize : getDefaultBufferSize();

        audioBuffersToEnqueue = [this, preferredBufferSize]
        {
            if (AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::canUseHighPerformanceAudioPath (preferredBufferSize, sampleRate))
                return preferredBufferSize / AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeBufferSize();

            return 1;
        }();

        actualBufferSize = preferredBufferSize / audioBuffersToEnqueue;

        jassert ((actualBufferSize * audioBuffersToEnqueue) == preferredBufferSize);

        activeOutputChans = outputChannels;
        activeOutputChans.setRange (2, activeOutputChans.getHighestBit(), false);
        auto numOutputChannels = activeOutputChans.countNumberOfSetBits();

        activeInputChans = inputChannels;
        activeInputChans.setRange (1, activeInputChans.getHighestBit(), false);
        auto numInputChannels = activeInputChans.countNumberOfSetBits();

        if (numInputChannels > 0 && (! RuntimePermissions::isGranted (RuntimePermissions::recordAudio)))
        {
            // If you hit this assert, you probably forgot to get RuntimePermissions::recordAudio
            // before trying to open an audio input device. This is not going to work!
            jassertfalse;
            lastError = "Error opening OpenSL input device: the app was not granted android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO";
        }

        session.reset (OpenSLSession::create (numInputChannels, numOutputChannels,
                                              sampleRate, actualBufferSize, audioBuffersToEnqueue));
        if (session != nullptr)
        {
            session->setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (audioProcessingEnabled);
        }
        else
        {
            if (numInputChannels > 0 && numOutputChannels > 0 && RuntimePermissions::isGranted (RuntimePermissions::recordAudio))
            {
                // New versions of the Android emulator do not seem to support audio input anymore on OS X
                activeInputChans = BigInteger(0);
                numInputChannels = 0;

                session.reset (OpenSLSession::create (numInputChannels, numOutputChannels,
                                                      sampleRate, actualBufferSize, audioBuffersToEnqueue));
            }
        }

        DBG ("OpenSL: numInputChannels = " << numInputChannels
             << ", numOutputChannels = " << numOutputChannels
             << ", nativeBufferSize = " << AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeBufferSize()
             << ", nativeSampleRate = " << AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeSampleRate()
             << ", actualBufferSize = " << actualBufferSize
             << ", audioBuffersToEnqueue = " << audioBuffersToEnqueue
             << ", sampleRate = " << sampleRate
             << ", supportsFloatingPoint = " << (session != nullptr && session->supportsFloatingPoint() ? "true" : "false"));

        if (session == nullptr)
            lastError = "Unknown error initializing opensl session";

        deviceOpen = (session != nullptr);
        return lastError;
    }

    void close() override
    {
        stop();
        session = nullptr;
        callback = nullptr;
    }

    int getOutputLatencyInSamples() override            { return outputLatency; }
    int getInputLatencyInSamples() override             { return inputLatency; }
    bool isOpen() override                              { return deviceOpen; }
    int getCurrentBufferSizeSamples() override          { return actualBufferSize * audioBuffersToEnqueue; }
    int getCurrentBitDepth() override                   { return (session != nullptr && session->supportsFloatingPoint() ? 32 : 16); }
    BigInteger getActiveOutputChannels() const override { return activeOutputChans; }
    BigInteger getActiveInputChannels() const override  { return activeInputChans; }
    String getLastError() override                      { return lastError; }
    bool isPlaying() override                           { return callback != nullptr; }
    int getXRunCount() const noexcept override          { return (session != nullptr ? session->getXRunCount() : -1); }

    int getDefaultBufferSize() override
    {
        return AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getDefaultBufferSize (getCurrentSampleRate());
    }

    double getCurrentSampleRate() override
    {
        return (sampleRate == 0.0 ? AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeSampleRate() : sampleRate);
    }

    void start (AudioIODeviceCallback* newCallback) override
    {
        if (session != nullptr && callback != newCallback)
        {
            auto oldCallback = callback;

            if (newCallback != nullptr)
                newCallback->audioDeviceAboutToStart (this);

            if (oldCallback != nullptr)
            {
                // already running
                if (newCallback == nullptr)
                    stop();
                else
                    session->setCallback (newCallback);

                oldCallback->audioDeviceStopped();
            }
            else
            {
                jassert (newCallback != nullptr);

                // session hasn't started yet
                session->setCallback (newCallback);
                session->start();
            }

            callback = newCallback;
        }
    }

    void stop() override
    {
        if (session != nullptr && callback != nullptr)
        {
            callback = nullptr;
            session->stop();
            session->setCallback (nullptr);
        }
    }

    bool setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (bool shouldAudioProcessingBeEnabled) override
    {
        audioProcessingEnabled = shouldAudioProcessingBeEnabled;

        if (session != nullptr)
            session->setAudioPreprocessingEnabled (audioProcessingEnabled);

        return true;
    }

    static const char* const openSLTypeName;

private:
    //==============================================================================
    friend class SLRealtimeThread;

    //==============================================================================
    int actualBufferSize = 0, sampleRate = 0, audioBuffersToEnqueue = 0;
    int inputLatency, outputLatency;
    bool deviceOpen = false, audioProcessingEnabled = true;
    String lastError;
    BigInteger activeOutputChans, activeInputChans;
    AudioIODeviceCallback* callback = nullptr;

    std::unique_ptr<OpenSLSession> session;

    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (OpenSLAudioIODevice)
};

OpenSLAudioIODevice::OpenSLSession* OpenSLAudioIODevice::OpenSLSession::create (int numInputChannels, int numOutputChannels,
                                                                                double samleRateToUse, int bufferSizeToUse,
                                                                                int numBuffersToUse)
{
    std::unique_ptr<OpenSLSession> retval;
    auto sdkVersion = getAndroidSDKVersion();

    // SDK versions 21 and higher should natively support floating point...
    if (sdkVersion >= 21)
    {
        retval.reset (new OpenSLSessionT<float> (numInputChannels, numOutputChannels, samleRateToUse,
                                                 bufferSizeToUse, numBuffersToUse));

        // ...however, some devices lie so re-try without floating point
        if (retval != nullptr && (! retval->openedOK()))
            retval = nullptr;
    }

    if (retval == nullptr)
    {
        retval.reset (new OpenSLSessionT<int16> (numInputChannels, numOutputChannels, samleRateToUse,
                                                 bufferSizeToUse, numBuffersToUse));

        if (retval != nullptr && (! retval->openedOK()))
            retval = nullptr;
    }

    return retval.release();
}

//==============================================================================
class OpenSLAudioDeviceType  : public AudioIODeviceType
{
public:
    OpenSLAudioDeviceType()  : AudioIODeviceType (OpenSLAudioIODevice::openSLTypeName) {}

    //==============================================================================
    void scanForDevices() override {}

    StringArray getDeviceNames (bool) const override                             { return StringArray (OpenSLAudioIODevice::openSLTypeName); }
    int getDefaultDeviceIndex (bool) const override                              { return 0; }
    int getIndexOfDevice (AudioIODevice* device, bool) const override            { return device != nullptr ? 0 : -1; }
    bool hasSeparateInputsAndOutputs() const override                            { return false; }

    AudioIODevice* createDevice (const String& outputDeviceName,
                                 const String& inputDeviceName) override
    {
        std::unique_ptr<OpenSLAudioIODevice> dev;

        if (outputDeviceName.isNotEmpty() || inputDeviceName.isNotEmpty())
            dev.reset (new OpenSLAudioIODevice (outputDeviceName.isNotEmpty() ? outputDeviceName
                                                                              : inputDeviceName));

        return dev.release();
    }

    static bool isOpenSLAvailable()
    {
        DynamicLibrary library;
        return library.open ("libOpenSLES.so");
    }

    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (OpenSLAudioDeviceType)
};

const char* const OpenSLAudioIODevice::openSLTypeName = "Android OpenSL";


//==============================================================================
bool isOpenSLAvailable()  { return OpenSLAudioDeviceType::isOpenSLAvailable(); }

AudioIODeviceType* AudioIODeviceType::createAudioIODeviceType_OpenSLES()
{
    return isOpenSLAvailable() ? new OpenSLAudioDeviceType() : nullptr;
}

//==============================================================================
class SLRealtimeThread
{
public:
    static constexpr int numBuffers = 4;

    SLRealtimeThread()
    {
        if (auto createEngine = (CreateEngineFunc) slLibrary.getFunction ("slCreateEngine"))
        {
            SLObjectItf obj = nullptr;
            auto err = createEngine (&obj, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr);

            if (err != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr || *obj == nullptr)
                return;

            if ((*obj)->Realize (obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
                return;
            }

            engine = SlRef<SLEngineItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));

            if (engine == nullptr)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
                return;
            }

            obj = nullptr;
            err = (*engine)->CreateOutputMix (engine, &obj, 0, nullptr, nullptr);

            if (err != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr || (*obj)->Realize (obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
                return;
            }

            outputMix = SlRef<SLOutputMixItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));

            if (outputMix == nullptr)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
                return;
            }

            SLDataLocator_AndroidSimpleBufferQueue queueLocator = {SL_DATALOCATOR_ANDROIDSIMPLEBUFFERQUEUE, static_cast<SLuint32> (numBuffers)};
            SLDataLocator_OutputMix outputMixLocator = {SL_DATALOCATOR_OUTPUTMIX, outputMix};

            PCMDataFormatEx dataFormat;
            BufferHelpers<int16>::initPCMDataFormat (dataFormat, 1, AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeSampleRate());

            SLDataSource source = { &queueLocator, &dataFormat };
            SLDataSink   sink   = { &outputMixLocator, nullptr };

            SLInterfaceID queueInterfaces[] = { &IntfIID<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_>::iid };
            SLboolean trueFlag = SL_BOOLEAN_TRUE;

            obj = nullptr;
            err = (*engine)->CreateAudioPlayer (engine, &obj, &source, &sink, 1, queueInterfaces, &trueFlag);

            if (err != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS || obj == nullptr)
                return;

            if ((*obj)->Realize (obj, 0) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
                return;
            }

            player = SlRef<SLPlayItf_>::cast (SlObjectRef (obj));

            if (player == nullptr)
            {
                destroyObject (obj);
                return;
            }

            queue = SlRef<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_>::cast (player);
            if (queue == nullptr)
                return;

            if ((*queue)->RegisterCallback (queue, staticFinished, this) != SL_RESULT_SUCCESS)
            {
                queue = nullptr;
                return;
            }

            pthread_cond_init (&threadReady, nullptr);
            pthread_mutex_init (&threadReadyMutex, nullptr);
        }
    }

    bool isOk() const      { return queue != nullptr; }

    pthread_t startThread (void* (*entry) (void*), void* userPtr)
    {
        memset (buffer.get(), 0, static_cast<size_t> (sizeof (int16) * static_cast<size_t> (bufferSize * numBuffers)));

        for (int i = 0; i < numBuffers; ++i)
        {
            int16* dst = buffer.get() + (bufferSize * i);
            (*queue)->Enqueue (queue, dst, static_cast<SLuint32> (static_cast<size_t> (bufferSize) * sizeof (int16)));
        }

        pthread_mutex_lock (&threadReadyMutex);

        threadEntryProc = entry;
        threadUserPtr  = userPtr;

        (*player)->SetPlayState (player, SL_PLAYSTATE_PLAYING);

        pthread_cond_wait (&threadReady, &threadReadyMutex);
        pthread_mutex_unlock (&threadReadyMutex);

        return threadID;
    }

    void finished()
    {
        if (threadEntryProc != nullptr)
        {
            pthread_mutex_lock (&threadReadyMutex);

            threadID = pthread_self();

            pthread_cond_signal (&threadReady);
            pthread_mutex_unlock (&threadReadyMutex);

            threadEntryProc (threadUserPtr);
            threadEntryProc = nullptr;

            (*player)->SetPlayState (player, SL_PLAYSTATE_STOPPED);
            MessageManager::callAsync ([this] () { delete this; });
        }
    }

private:
    //==============================================================================
    static void staticFinished (SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf, void* context)
    {
        static_cast<SLRealtimeThread*> (context)->finished();
    }

    //==============================================================================
    DynamicLibrary slLibrary { "libOpenSLES.so" };

    SlRef<SLEngineItf_>    engine;
    SlRef<SLOutputMixItf_> outputMix;
    SlRef<SLPlayItf_>      player;
    SlRef<SLAndroidSimpleBufferQueueItf_> queue;

    int bufferSize = AndroidHighPerformanceAudioHelpers::getNativeBufferSize();
    HeapBlock<int16> buffer { HeapBlock<int16> (static_cast<size_t> (1 * bufferSize * numBuffers)) };

    void* (*threadEntryProc) (void*) = nullptr;
    void* threadUserPtr              = nullptr;

    pthread_cond_t  threadReady;
    pthread_mutex_t threadReadyMutex;
    pthread_t       threadID;
};

//==============================================================================
pthread_t juce_createRealtimeAudioThread (void* (*entry) (void*), void* userPtr)
{
    auto thread = std::make_unique<SLRealtimeThread>();

    if (! thread->isOk())
        return {};

    auto threadID = thread->startThread (entry, userPtr);

    // the thread will de-allocate itself
    thread.release();

    return threadID;
}

} // namespace juce