JUCE/modules/juce_audio_devices/native/juce_win32_WASAPI.cpp

/*
  ==============================================================================

   This file is part of the JUCE library.
   Copyright (c) 2015 - ROLI Ltd.

   Permission is granted to use this software under the terms of either:
   a) the GPL v2 (or any later version)
   b) the Affero GPL v3

   Details of these licenses can be found at: www.gnu.org/licenses

   JUCE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

   To release a closed-source product which uses JUCE, commercial licenses are
   available: visit www.juce.com for more information.

  ==============================================================================
*/

#ifndef JUCE_WASAPI_LOGGING
 #define JUCE_WASAPI_LOGGING 0
#endif

//==============================================================================
namespace WasapiClasses
{

void logFailure (HRESULT hr)
{
    (void) hr;
    jassert (hr != (HRESULT) 0x800401f0); // If you hit this, it means you're trying to call from
                                          // a thread which hasn't been initialised with CoInitialize().

   #if JUCE_WASAPI_LOGGING
    if (FAILED (hr))
    {
        const char* m = nullptr;

        switch (hr)
        {
            case E_POINTER:     m = "E_POINTER"; break;
            case E_INVALIDARG:  m = "E_INVALIDARG"; break;
            case E_NOINTERFACE: m = "E_NOINTERFACE"; break;

            #define JUCE_WASAPI_ERR(desc, n) \
                case MAKE_HRESULT(1, 0x889, n): m = #desc; break;

            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_NOT_INITIALIZED, 0x001)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_ALREADY_INITIALIZED, 0x002)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_WRONG_ENDPOINT_TYPE, 0x003)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_INVALIDATED, 0x004)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_NOT_STOPPED, 0x005)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_TOO_LARGE, 0x006)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_OUT_OF_ORDER, 0x007)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT, 0x008)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_SIZE, 0x009)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_DEVICE_IN_USE, 0x00a)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_OPERATION_PENDING, 0x00b)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_THREAD_NOT_REGISTERED, 0x00c)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_NOT_ALLOWED, 0x00e)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_ENDPOINT_CREATE_FAILED, 0x00f)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_SERVICE_NOT_RUNNING, 0x010)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_EXPECTED, 0x011)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_EXCLUSIVE_MODE_ONLY, 0x012)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_BUFDURATION_PERIOD_NOT_EQUAL, 0x013)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_EVENTHANDLE_NOT_SET, 0x014)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_INCORRECT_BUFFER_SIZE, 0x015)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_ERROR, 0x016)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_CPUUSAGE_EXCEEDED, 0x017)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_ERROR, 0x018)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED, 0x019)
            JUCE_WASAPI_ERR (AUDCLNT_E_INVALID_DEVICE_PERIOD, 0x020)
            default: break;
        }

        Logger::writeToLog ("WASAPI error: " + (m != nullptr ? String (m)
                                                             : String::toHexString ((int) hr)));
    }
   #endif
}

#undef check

bool check (HRESULT hr)
{
    logFailure (hr);
    return SUCCEEDED (hr);
}

//==============================================================================
}

#if JUCE_MINGW
 #define JUCE_COMCLASS(name, guid) \
    struct name; \
    template<> struct UUIDGetter<name>   { static CLSID get() { return uuidFromString (guid); } }; \
    struct name

 struct PROPERTYKEY
 {
    GUID fmtid;
    DWORD pid;
 };

 WINOLEAPI PropVariantClear (PROPVARIANT*);
#else
 #define JUCE_COMCLASS(name, guid)       struct __declspec (uuid (guid)) name
#endif

#ifndef KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM
 #define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM         uuidFromString ("00000001-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71")
 #define KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT  uuidFromString ("00000003-0000-0010-8000-00aa00389b71")
#endif

#define JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS(name, guid)   JUCE_COMCLASS(name, guid) : public IUnknown
#define JUCE_COMCALL                     virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE

enum EDataFlow
{
    eRender = 0,
    eCapture = (eRender + 1),
    eAll = (eCapture + 1)
};

enum
{
    DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE = 1,
    AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_SILENT = 2
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IPropertyStore, "886d8eeb-8cf2-4446-8d02-cdba1dbdcf99")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL GetCount (DWORD*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetAt (DWORD, PROPERTYKEY*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetValue (const PROPERTYKEY&, PROPVARIANT*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetValue (const PROPERTYKEY&, const PROPVARIANT&) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL Commit() = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IMMDevice, "D666063F-1587-4E43-81F1-B948E807363F")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL Activate (REFIID, DWORD, PROPVARIANT*, void**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OpenPropertyStore (DWORD, IPropertyStore**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetId (LPWSTR*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetState (DWORD*) = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IMMEndpoint, "1BE09788-6894-4089-8586-9A2A6C265AC5")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL GetDataFlow (EDataFlow*) = 0;
};

struct IMMDeviceCollection : public IUnknown
{
    JUCE_COMCALL GetCount (UINT*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL Item (UINT, IMMDevice**) = 0;
};

enum ERole
{
    eConsole = 0,
    eMultimedia = (eConsole + 1),
    eCommunications = (eMultimedia + 1)
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IMMNotificationClient, "7991EEC9-7E89-4D85-8390-6C703CEC60C0")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL OnDeviceStateChanged (LPCWSTR, DWORD) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnDeviceAdded (LPCWSTR) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnDeviceRemoved (LPCWSTR) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnDefaultDeviceChanged (EDataFlow, ERole, LPCWSTR) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnPropertyValueChanged (LPCWSTR, const PROPERTYKEY) = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IMMDeviceEnumerator, "A95664D2-9614-4F35-A746-DE8DB63617E6")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL EnumAudioEndpoints (EDataFlow, DWORD, IMMDeviceCollection**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetDefaultAudioEndpoint (EDataFlow, ERole, IMMDevice**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetDevice (LPCWSTR, IMMDevice**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback (IMMNotificationClient*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback (IMMNotificationClient*) = 0;
};

JUCE_COMCLASS (MMDeviceEnumerator, "BCDE0395-E52F-467C-8E3D-C4579291692E");

typedef LONGLONG REFERENCE_TIME;

enum AVRT_PRIORITY
{
    AVRT_PRIORITY_LOW = -1,
    AVRT_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
    AVRT_PRIORITY_HIGH,
    AVRT_PRIORITY_CRITICAL
};

enum AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE
{
    AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED,
    AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IAudioClient, "1CB9AD4C-DBFA-4c32-B178-C2F568A703B2")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL Initialize (AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE, DWORD, REFERENCE_TIME, REFERENCE_TIME, const WAVEFORMATEX*, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetBufferSize (UINT32*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetStreamLatency (REFERENCE_TIME*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetCurrentPadding (UINT32*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL IsFormatSupported (AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE, const WAVEFORMATEX*, WAVEFORMATEX**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetMixFormat (WAVEFORMATEX**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetDevicePeriod (REFERENCE_TIME*, REFERENCE_TIME*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL Start() = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL Stop() = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL Reset() = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetEventHandle (HANDLE) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetService (REFIID, void**) = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IAudioCaptureClient, "C8ADBD64-E71E-48a0-A4DE-185C395CD317")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL GetBuffer (BYTE**, UINT32*, DWORD*, UINT64*, UINT64*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL ReleaseBuffer (UINT32) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetNextPacketSize (UINT32*) = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IAudioRenderClient, "F294ACFC-3146-4483-A7BF-ADDCA7C260E2")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL GetBuffer (UINT32, BYTE**) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL ReleaseBuffer (UINT32, DWORD) = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IAudioEndpointVolume, "5CDF2C82-841E-4546-9722-0CF74078229A")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL RegisterControlChangeNotify (void*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL UnregisterControlChangeNotify (void*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetChannelCount (UINT*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetMasterVolumeLevel (float, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar (float, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetMasterVolumeLevel (float*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar (float*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetChannelVolumeLevel (UINT, float, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetChannelVolumeLevelScalar (UINT, float, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetChannelVolumeLevel (UINT, float*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetChannelVolumeLevelScalar (UINT, float*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetMute (BOOL, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetMute (BOOL*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetVolumeStepInfo (UINT*, UINT*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL VolumeStepUp (LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL VolumeStepDown (LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL QueryHardwareSupport (DWORD*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetVolumeRange (float*, float*, float*) = 0;
};

enum AudioSessionDisconnectReason
{
    DisconnectReasonDeviceRemoval         = 0,
    DisconnectReasonServerShutdown        = 1,
    DisconnectReasonFormatChanged         = 2,
    DisconnectReasonSessionLogoff         = 3,
    DisconnectReasonSessionDisconnected   = 4,
    DisconnectReasonExclusiveModeOverride = 5
};

enum AudioSessionState
{
    AudioSessionStateInactive = 0,
    AudioSessionStateActive   = 1,
    AudioSessionStateExpired  = 2
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IAudioSessionEvents, "24918ACC-64B3-37C1-8CA9-74A66E9957A8")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL OnDisplayNameChanged (LPCWSTR, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnIconPathChanged (LPCWSTR, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnSimpleVolumeChanged (float, BOOL, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnChannelVolumeChanged (DWORD, float*, DWORD, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnGroupingParamChanged (LPCGUID, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnStateChanged (AudioSessionState) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL OnSessionDisconnected (AudioSessionDisconnectReason) = 0;
};

JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS (IAudioSessionControl, "F4B1A599-7266-4319-A8CA-E70ACB11E8CD")
{
    JUCE_COMCALL GetState (AudioSessionState*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetDisplayName (LPWSTR*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetDisplayName (LPCWSTR, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetIconPath (LPWSTR*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetIconPath (LPCWSTR, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL GetGroupingParam (GUID*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL SetGroupingParam (LPCGUID, LPCGUID) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL RegisterAudioSessionNotification (IAudioSessionEvents*) = 0;
    JUCE_COMCALL UnregisterAudioSessionNotification (IAudioSessionEvents*) = 0;
};

#undef JUCE_COMCALL
#undef JUCE_COMCLASS
#undef JUCE_IUNKNOWNCLASS

//==============================================================================
namespace WasapiClasses
{

String getDeviceID (IMMDevice* const device)
{
    String s;
    WCHAR* deviceId = nullptr;

    if (check (device->GetId (&deviceId)))
    {
        s = String (deviceId);
        CoTaskMemFree (deviceId);
    }

    return s;
}

EDataFlow getDataFlow (const ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice>& device)
{
    EDataFlow flow = eRender;
    ComSmartPtr<IMMEndpoint> endPoint;
    if (check (device.QueryInterface (endPoint)))
        (void) check (endPoint->GetDataFlow (&flow));

    return flow;
}

int refTimeToSamples (const REFERENCE_TIME& t, const double sampleRate) noexcept
{
    return roundToInt (sampleRate * ((double) t) * 0.0000001);
}

REFERENCE_TIME samplesToRefTime (const int numSamples, const double sampleRate) noexcept
{
    return (REFERENCE_TIME) ((numSamples * 10000.0 * 1000.0 / sampleRate) + 0.5);
}

void copyWavFormat (WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE& dest, const WAVEFORMATEX* const src) noexcept
{
    memcpy (&dest, src, src->wFormatTag == WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE ? sizeof (WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE)
                                                                  : sizeof (WAVEFORMATEX));
}

//==============================================================================
class WASAPIDeviceBase
{
public:
    WASAPIDeviceBase (const ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice>& d, const bool exclusiveMode)
        : device (d),
          sampleRate (0),
          defaultSampleRate (0),
          numChannels (0),
          actualNumChannels (0),
          minBufferSize (0),
          defaultBufferSize (0),
          latencySamples (0),
          useExclusiveMode (exclusiveMode),
          actualBufferSize (0),
          bytesPerSample (0),
          bytesPerFrame (0),
          sampleRateHasChanged (false)
    {
        clientEvent = CreateEvent (nullptr, false, false, nullptr);

        ComSmartPtr<IAudioClient> tempClient (createClient());
        if (tempClient == nullptr)
            return;

        REFERENCE_TIME defaultPeriod, minPeriod;
        if (! check (tempClient->GetDevicePeriod (&defaultPeriod, &minPeriod)))
            return;

        WAVEFORMATEX* mixFormat = nullptr;
        if (! check (tempClient->GetMixFormat (&mixFormat)))
            return;

        WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE format;
        copyWavFormat (format, mixFormat);
        CoTaskMemFree (mixFormat);

        actualNumChannels = numChannels = format.Format.nChannels;
        defaultSampleRate = format.Format.nSamplesPerSec;
        minBufferSize = refTimeToSamples (minPeriod, defaultSampleRate);
        defaultBufferSize = refTimeToSamples (defaultPeriod, defaultSampleRate);
        mixFormatChannelMask = format.dwChannelMask;

        rates.addUsingDefaultSort (defaultSampleRate);

        if (useExclusiveMode
             && findSupportedFormat (tempClient, defaultSampleRate, format.dwChannelMask, format))
        {
            // Got a format that is supported by the device so we can ask what sample rates are supported (in whatever format)
        }

        static const int ratesToTest[] = { 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000, 176400, 192000, 352800, 384000 };

        for (int i = 0; i < numElementsInArray (ratesToTest); ++i)
        {
            if (rates.contains (ratesToTest[i]))
                continue;

            format.Format.nSamplesPerSec  = (DWORD) ratesToTest[i];
            format.Format.nAvgBytesPerSec = (DWORD) (format.Format.nSamplesPerSec * format.Format.nChannels * format.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);

            if (SUCCEEDED (tempClient->IsFormatSupported (useExclusiveMode ? AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE
                                                                           : AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED,
                                                          (WAVEFORMATEX*) &format, 0)))
                if (! rates.contains (ratesToTest[i]))
                    rates.addUsingDefaultSort (ratesToTest[i]);
        }
    }

    virtual ~WASAPIDeviceBase()
    {
        device = nullptr;
        CloseHandle (clientEvent);
    }

    bool isOk() const noexcept   { return defaultBufferSize > 0 && defaultSampleRate > 0; }

    bool openClient (const double newSampleRate, const BigInteger& newChannels, const int bufferSizeSamples)
    {
        sampleRate = newSampleRate;
        channels = newChannels;
        channels.setRange (actualNumChannels, channels.getHighestBit() + 1 - actualNumChannels, false);
        numChannels = channels.getHighestBit() + 1;

        if (numChannels == 0)
            return true;

        client = createClient();

        if (client != nullptr
             && tryInitialisingWithBufferSize (bufferSizeSamples))
        {
            sampleRateHasChanged = false;

            channelMaps.clear();
            for (int i = 0; i <= channels.getHighestBit(); ++i)
                if (channels[i])
                    channelMaps.add (i);

            REFERENCE_TIME latency;
            if (check (client->GetStreamLatency (&latency)))
                latencySamples = refTimeToSamples (latency, sampleRate);

            (void) check (client->GetBufferSize (&actualBufferSize));

            createSessionEventCallback();

            return check (client->SetEventHandle (clientEvent));
        }

        return false;
    }

    void closeClient()
    {
        if (client != nullptr)
            client->Stop();

        deleteSessionEventCallback();
        client = nullptr;
        ResetEvent (clientEvent);
    }

    void deviceSampleRateChanged()
    {
        sampleRateHasChanged = true;
    }

    //==============================================================================
    ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice> device;
    ComSmartPtr<IAudioClient> client;
    double sampleRate, defaultSampleRate;
    int numChannels, actualNumChannels;
    int minBufferSize, defaultBufferSize, latencySamples;
    DWORD mixFormatChannelMask;
    const bool useExclusiveMode;
    Array<double> rates;
    HANDLE clientEvent;
    BigInteger channels;
    Array<int> channelMaps;
    UINT32 actualBufferSize;
    int bytesPerSample, bytesPerFrame;
    bool sampleRateHasChanged;

    virtual void updateFormat (bool isFloat) = 0;

private:
    //==============================================================================
    class SessionEventCallback  : public ComBaseClassHelper<IAudioSessionEvents>
    {
    public:
        SessionEventCallback (WASAPIDeviceBase& d) : owner (d) {}

        JUCE_COMRESULT OnDisplayNameChanged (LPCWSTR, LPCGUID)                 { return S_OK; }
        JUCE_COMRESULT OnIconPathChanged (LPCWSTR, LPCGUID)                    { return S_OK; }
        JUCE_COMRESULT OnSimpleVolumeChanged (float, BOOL, LPCGUID)            { return S_OK; }
        JUCE_COMRESULT OnChannelVolumeChanged (DWORD, float*, DWORD, LPCGUID)  { return S_OK; }
        JUCE_COMRESULT OnGroupingParamChanged (LPCGUID, LPCGUID)               { return S_OK; }
        JUCE_COMRESULT OnStateChanged (AudioSessionState)                      { return S_OK; }

        JUCE_COMRESULT OnSessionDisconnected (AudioSessionDisconnectReason reason)
        {
            if (reason == DisconnectReasonFormatChanged)
                owner.deviceSampleRateChanged();

            return S_OK;
        }

    private:
        WASAPIDeviceBase& owner;

        JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (SessionEventCallback)
    };

    ComSmartPtr<IAudioSessionControl> audioSessionControl;
    ComSmartPtr<SessionEventCallback> sessionEventCallback;

    void createSessionEventCallback()
    {
        deleteSessionEventCallback();
        client->GetService (__uuidof (IAudioSessionControl),
                            (void**) audioSessionControl.resetAndGetPointerAddress());

        if (audioSessionControl != nullptr)
        {
            sessionEventCallback = new SessionEventCallback (*this);
            audioSessionControl->RegisterAudioSessionNotification (sessionEventCallback);
            sessionEventCallback->Release(); // (required because ComBaseClassHelper objects are constructed with a ref count of 1)
        }
    }

    void deleteSessionEventCallback()
    {
        if (audioSessionControl != nullptr && sessionEventCallback != nullptr)
            audioSessionControl->UnregisterAudioSessionNotification (sessionEventCallback);

        audioSessionControl = nullptr;
        sessionEventCallback = nullptr;
    }

    //==============================================================================
    ComSmartPtr<IAudioClient> createClient()
    {
        ComSmartPtr<IAudioClient> newClient;

        if (device != nullptr)
            logFailure (device->Activate (__uuidof (IAudioClient), CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                                          nullptr, (void**) newClient.resetAndGetPointerAddress()));

        return newClient;
    }

    struct AudioSampleFormat
    {
        bool useFloat;
        int  bitsPerSampleToTry;
        int  bytesPerSampleContainer;
    };

    bool tryFormat (const AudioSampleFormat sampleFormat, IAudioClient* clientToUse, double newSampleRate,
                    DWORD newMixFormatChannelMask, WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE& format) const
    {
        zerostruct (format);

        if (numChannels <= 2 && sampleFormat.bitsPerSampleToTry <= 16)
        {
            format.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
        }
        else
        {
            format.Format.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE;
            format.Format.cbSize = sizeof (WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE) - sizeof (WAVEFORMATEX);
        }

        format.Format.nSamplesPerSec       = (DWORD) newSampleRate;
        format.Format.nChannels            = (WORD) numChannels;
        format.Format.wBitsPerSample       = (WORD) (8 * sampleFormat.bytesPerSampleContainer);
        format.Samples.wValidBitsPerSample = (WORD) (sampleFormat.bitsPerSampleToTry);
        format.Format.nBlockAlign          = (WORD) (format.Format.nChannels * format.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8);
        format.Format.nAvgBytesPerSec      = (DWORD) (format.Format.nSamplesPerSec * format.Format.nBlockAlign);
        format.SubFormat                   = sampleFormat.useFloat ? KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT : KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM;
        format.dwChannelMask               = newMixFormatChannelMask;

        WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE* nearestFormat = nullptr;

        HRESULT hr = clientToUse->IsFormatSupported (useExclusiveMode ? AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE
                                                                      : AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED,
                                                     (WAVEFORMATEX*) &format,
                                                     useExclusiveMode ? nullptr : (WAVEFORMATEX**) &nearestFormat);
        logFailure (hr);

        if (hr == S_FALSE && format.Format.nSamplesPerSec == nearestFormat->Format.nSamplesPerSec)
        {
            copyWavFormat (format, (const WAVEFORMATEX*) nearestFormat);
            hr = S_OK;
        }

        CoTaskMemFree (nearestFormat);
        return check (hr);
    }

    bool findSupportedFormat (IAudioClient* clientToUse, double newSampleRate,
                              DWORD newMixFormatChannelMask, WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE& format) const
    {
        static const AudioSampleFormat formats[] =
        {
            { true,  32, 4 },
            { false, 32, 4 },
            { false, 24, 4 },
            { false, 24, 3 },
            { false, 20, 4 },
            { false, 20, 3 },
            { false, 16, 2 }
        };

        for (int i = 0; i < numElementsInArray (formats); ++i)
            if (tryFormat (formats[i], clientToUse, newSampleRate, newMixFormatChannelMask, format))
                return true;

        return false;
    }

    bool tryInitialisingWithBufferSize (const int bufferSizeSamples)
    {
        WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE format;

        if (findSupportedFormat (client, sampleRate, mixFormatChannelMask, format))
        {
            REFERENCE_TIME defaultPeriod = 0, minPeriod = 0;

            check (client->GetDevicePeriod (&defaultPeriod, &minPeriod));

            if (useExclusiveMode && bufferSizeSamples > 0)
                defaultPeriod = jmax (minPeriod, samplesToRefTime (bufferSizeSamples, format.Format.nSamplesPerSec));

            for (;;)
            {
                GUID session;
                HRESULT hr = client->Initialize (useExclusiveMode ? AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_EXCLUSIVE : AUDCLNT_SHAREMODE_SHARED,
                                                 0x40000 /*AUDCLNT_STREAMFLAGS_EVENTCALLBACK*/,
                                                 defaultPeriod, useExclusiveMode ? defaultPeriod : 0, (WAVEFORMATEX*) &format, &session);

                if (check (hr))
                {
                    actualNumChannels  = format.Format.nChannels;
                    const bool isFloat = format.Format.wFormatTag == WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE && format.SubFormat == KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_IEEE_FLOAT;
                    bytesPerSample     = format.Format.wBitsPerSample / 8;
                    bytesPerFrame      = format.Format.nBlockAlign;

                    updateFormat (isFloat);
                    return true;
                }

                // Handle the "alignment dance" : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd370875(v=vs.85).aspx (see Remarks)
                if (hr != MAKE_HRESULT (1, 0x889, 0x19)) // AUDCLNT_E_BUFFER_SIZE_NOT_ALIGNED
                    break;

                UINT32 numFrames = 0;
                if (! check (client->GetBufferSize (&numFrames)))
                    break;

                // Recreate client
                client = nullptr;
                client = createClient();

                defaultPeriod = samplesToRefTime (numFrames, format.Format.nSamplesPerSec);
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (WASAPIDeviceBase)
};

//==============================================================================
class WASAPIInputDevice  : public WASAPIDeviceBase
{
public:
    WASAPIInputDevice (const ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice>& d, const bool exclusiveMode)
        : WASAPIDeviceBase (d, exclusiveMode),
          reservoir (1, 1)
    {
    }

    ~WASAPIInputDevice()
    {
        close();
    }

    bool open (const double newSampleRate, const BigInteger& newChannels, int bufferSizeSamples)
    {
        return openClient (newSampleRate, newChannels, bufferSizeSamples)
                && (numChannels == 0 || check (client->GetService (__uuidof (IAudioCaptureClient),
                                                                   (void**) captureClient.resetAndGetPointerAddress())));
    }

    void close()
    {
        closeClient();
        captureClient = nullptr;
        reservoir.reset();
        reservoirReadPos = reservoirWritePos = 0;
    }

    template<class SourceType>
    void updateFormatWithType (SourceType*) noexcept
    {
        typedef AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::NativeEndian, AudioData::NonInterleaved, AudioData::NonConst> NativeType;
        converter = new AudioData::ConverterInstance<AudioData::Pointer<SourceType, AudioData::LittleEndian, AudioData::Interleaved, AudioData::Const>, NativeType> (actualNumChannels, 1);
    }

    void updateFormat (bool isFloat) override
    {
        if (isFloat)                    updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Float32*) nullptr);
        else if (bytesPerSample == 4)   updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Int32*)   nullptr);
        else if (bytesPerSample == 3)   updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Int24*)   nullptr);
        else                            updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Int16*)   nullptr);
    }

    bool start (const int userBufferSize)
    {
        reservoirSize = actualBufferSize + userBufferSize;
        reservoirMask = nextPowerOfTwo (reservoirSize) - 1;
        reservoir.setSize ((reservoirMask + 1) * bytesPerFrame, true);
        reservoirReadPos = reservoirWritePos = 0;

        if (! check (client->Start()))
            return false;

        purgeInputBuffers();
        return true;
    }

    void purgeInputBuffers()
    {
        uint8* inputData;
        UINT32 numSamplesAvailable;
        DWORD flags;

        while (captureClient->GetBuffer (&inputData, &numSamplesAvailable, &flags, nullptr, nullptr)
                  != MAKE_HRESULT (0, 0x889, 0x1) /* AUDCLNT_S_BUFFER_EMPTY */)
            captureClient->ReleaseBuffer (numSamplesAvailable);
    }

    int getNumSamplesInReservoir() const noexcept    { return reservoirWritePos - reservoirReadPos; }

    void handleDeviceBuffer()
    {
        if (numChannels <= 0)
            return;

        uint8* inputData;
        UINT32 numSamplesAvailable;
        DWORD flags;

        while (check (captureClient->GetBuffer (&inputData, &numSamplesAvailable, &flags, nullptr, nullptr)) && numSamplesAvailable > 0)
        {
            int samplesLeft = (int) numSamplesAvailable;

            while (samplesLeft > 0)
            {
                const int localWrite = reservoirWritePos & reservoirMask;
                const int samplesToDo = jmin (samplesLeft, reservoirMask + 1 - localWrite);
                const int samplesToDoBytes = samplesToDo * bytesPerFrame;

                void* reservoirPtr = addBytesToPointer (reservoir.getData(), localWrite * bytesPerFrame);

                if ((flags & AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_SILENT) != 0)
                    zeromem (reservoirPtr, samplesToDoBytes);
                else
                    memcpy (reservoirPtr, inputData, samplesToDoBytes);

                reservoirWritePos += samplesToDo;
                inputData += samplesToDoBytes;
                samplesLeft -= samplesToDo;
            }

            if (getNumSamplesInReservoir() > reservoirSize)
                reservoirReadPos = reservoirWritePos - reservoirSize;

            captureClient->ReleaseBuffer (numSamplesAvailable);
        }
    }

    void copyBuffersFromReservoir (float** destBuffers, int numDestBuffers, int bufferSize)
    {
        if ((numChannels <= 0 && bufferSize == 0) || reservoir.getSize() == 0)
            return;

        int offset = jmax (0, bufferSize - getNumSamplesInReservoir());

        if (offset > 0)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < numDestBuffers; ++i)
                zeromem (destBuffers[i], offset * sizeof (float));

            bufferSize -= offset;
            reservoirReadPos -= offset / 2;
        }

        while (bufferSize > 0)
        {
            const int localRead = reservoirReadPos & reservoirMask;

            const int samplesToDo = jmin (bufferSize, getNumSamplesInReservoir(), reservoirMask + 1 - localRead);
            if (samplesToDo <= 0)
                break;

            const int reservoirOffset = localRead * bytesPerFrame;

            for (int i = 0; i < numDestBuffers; ++i)
                converter->convertSamples (destBuffers[i] + offset, 0, addBytesToPointer (reservoir.getData(), reservoirOffset), channelMaps.getUnchecked(i), samplesToDo);

            bufferSize -= samplesToDo;
            offset += samplesToDo;
            reservoirReadPos += samplesToDo;
        }
    }

    ComSmartPtr<IAudioCaptureClient> captureClient;
    MemoryBlock reservoir;
    int reservoirSize, reservoirMask;
    volatile int reservoirReadPos, reservoirWritePos;

    ScopedPointer<AudioData::Converter> converter;

private:
    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (WASAPIInputDevice)
};

//==============================================================================
class WASAPIOutputDevice  : public WASAPIDeviceBase
{
public:
    WASAPIOutputDevice (const ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice>& d, const bool exclusiveMode)
        : WASAPIDeviceBase (d, exclusiveMode)
    {
    }

    ~WASAPIOutputDevice()
    {
        close();
    }

    bool open (const double newSampleRate, const BigInteger& newChannels, int bufferSizeSamples)
    {
        return openClient (newSampleRate, newChannels, bufferSizeSamples)
                && (numChannels == 0 || check (client->GetService (__uuidof (IAudioRenderClient),
                                                                   (void**) renderClient.resetAndGetPointerAddress())));
    }

    void close()
    {
        closeClient();
        renderClient = nullptr;
    }

    template<class DestType>
    void updateFormatWithType (DestType*)
    {
        typedef AudioData::Pointer<AudioData::Float32, AudioData::NativeEndian, AudioData::NonInterleaved, AudioData::Const> NativeType;
        converter = new AudioData::ConverterInstance<NativeType, AudioData::Pointer<DestType, AudioData::LittleEndian, AudioData::Interleaved, AudioData::NonConst> > (1, actualNumChannels);
    }

    void updateFormat (bool isFloat) override
    {
        if (isFloat)                    updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Float32*) nullptr);
        else if (bytesPerSample == 4)   updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Int32*)   nullptr);
        else if (bytesPerSample == 3)   updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Int24*)   nullptr);
        else                            updateFormatWithType ((AudioData::Int16*)   nullptr);
    }

    bool start()
    {
        int samplesToDo = getNumSamplesAvailableToCopy();
        uint8* outputData;

        if (check (renderClient->GetBuffer (samplesToDo, &outputData)))
            renderClient->ReleaseBuffer (samplesToDo, AUDCLNT_BUFFERFLAGS_SILENT);

        return check (client->Start());
    }

    int getNumSamplesAvailableToCopy() const
    {
        if (numChannels <= 0)
            return 0;

        if (! useExclusiveMode)
        {
            UINT32 padding = 0;
            if (check (client->GetCurrentPadding (&padding)))
                return actualBufferSize - (int) padding;
        }

        return actualBufferSize;
    }

    void copyBuffers (const float** const srcBuffers, const int numSrcBuffers, int bufferSize,
                      WASAPIInputDevice* inputDevice, Thread& thread)
    {
        if (numChannels <= 0)
            return;

        int offset = 0;

        while (bufferSize > 0)
        {
            // This is needed in order not to drop any input data if the output device endpoint buffer was full
            if ((! useExclusiveMode) && inputDevice != nullptr
                  && WaitForSingleObject (inputDevice->clientEvent, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
                inputDevice->handleDeviceBuffer();

            int samplesToDo = jmin (getNumSamplesAvailableToCopy(), bufferSize);

            if (samplesToDo == 0)
            {
                // This can ONLY occur in non-exclusive mode
                if (! thread.threadShouldExit() && WaitForSingleObject (clientEvent, 1000) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
                    continue;

                break;
            }

            if (useExclusiveMode && WaitForSingleObject (clientEvent, 1000) == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
                break;

            uint8* outputData = nullptr;
            if (check (renderClient->GetBuffer ((UINT32) samplesToDo, &outputData)))
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < numSrcBuffers; ++i)
                    converter->convertSamples (outputData, channelMaps.getUnchecked(i), srcBuffers[i] + offset, 0, samplesToDo);

                renderClient->ReleaseBuffer ((UINT32) samplesToDo, 0);
            }

            bufferSize -= samplesToDo;
            offset += samplesToDo;
        }
    }

    ComSmartPtr<IAudioRenderClient> renderClient;
    ScopedPointer<AudioData::Converter> converter;

private:
    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (WASAPIOutputDevice)
};

//==============================================================================
class WASAPIAudioIODevice  : public AudioIODevice,
                             public Thread,
                             private AsyncUpdater
{
public:
    WASAPIAudioIODevice (const String& deviceName,
                         const String& typeName,
                         const String& outputDeviceID,
                         const String& inputDeviceID,
                         const bool exclusiveMode)
        : AudioIODevice (deviceName, typeName),
          Thread ("Juce WASAPI"),
          outputDeviceId (outputDeviceID),
          inputDeviceId (inputDeviceID),
          useExclusiveMode (exclusiveMode),
          isOpen_ (false),
          isStarted (false),
          currentBufferSizeSamples (0),
          currentSampleRate (0),
          callback (nullptr)
    {
    }

    ~WASAPIAudioIODevice()
    {
        close();
    }

    bool initialise()
    {
        latencyIn = latencyOut = 0;
        Array<double> ratesIn, ratesOut;

        if (createDevices())
        {
            jassert (inputDevice != nullptr || outputDevice != nullptr);

            if (inputDevice != nullptr && outputDevice != nullptr)
            {
                defaultSampleRate = jmin (inputDevice->defaultSampleRate, outputDevice->defaultSampleRate);
                minBufferSize = jmin (inputDevice->minBufferSize, outputDevice->minBufferSize);
                defaultBufferSize = jmax (inputDevice->defaultBufferSize, outputDevice->defaultBufferSize);
                sampleRates = inputDevice->rates;
                sampleRates.removeValuesNotIn (outputDevice->rates);
            }
            else
            {
                WASAPIDeviceBase* d = inputDevice != nullptr ? static_cast<WASAPIDeviceBase*> (inputDevice)
                                                             : static_cast<WASAPIDeviceBase*> (outputDevice);
                defaultSampleRate = d->defaultSampleRate;
                minBufferSize = d->minBufferSize;
                defaultBufferSize = d->defaultBufferSize;
                sampleRates = d->rates;
            }

            bufferSizes.addUsingDefaultSort (defaultBufferSize);
            if (minBufferSize != defaultBufferSize)
                bufferSizes.addUsingDefaultSort (minBufferSize);

            int n = 64;
            for (int i = 0; i < 40; ++i)
            {
                if (n >= minBufferSize && n <= 2048 && ! bufferSizes.contains (n))
                    bufferSizes.addUsingDefaultSort (n);

                n += (n < 512) ? 32 : (n < 1024 ? 64 : 128);
            }

            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    StringArray getOutputChannelNames() override
    {
        StringArray outChannels;

        if (outputDevice != nullptr)
            for (int i = 1; i <= outputDevice->actualNumChannels; ++i)
                outChannels.add ("Output channel " + String (i));

        return outChannels;
    }

    StringArray getInputChannelNames() override
    {
        StringArray inChannels;

        if (inputDevice != nullptr)
            for (int i = 1; i <= inputDevice->actualNumChannels; ++i)
                inChannels.add ("Input channel " + String (i));

        return inChannels;
    }

    Array<double> getAvailableSampleRates() override        { return sampleRates; }
    Array<int> getAvailableBufferSizes() override           { return bufferSizes; }
    int getDefaultBufferSize() override                     { return defaultBufferSize; }

    int getCurrentBufferSizeSamples() override              { return currentBufferSizeSamples; }
    double getCurrentSampleRate() override                  { return currentSampleRate; }
    int getCurrentBitDepth() override                       { return 32; }
    int getOutputLatencyInSamples() override                { return latencyOut; }
    int getInputLatencyInSamples() override                 { return latencyIn; }
    BigInteger getActiveOutputChannels() const override     { return outputDevice != nullptr ? outputDevice->channels : BigInteger(); }
    BigInteger getActiveInputChannels() const override      { return inputDevice  != nullptr ? inputDevice->channels  : BigInteger(); }
    String getLastError() override                          { return lastError; }


    String open (const BigInteger& inputChannels, const BigInteger& outputChannels,
                 double sampleRate, int bufferSizeSamples) override
    {
        close();
        lastError.clear();

        if (sampleRates.size() == 0 && inputDevice != nullptr && outputDevice != nullptr)
        {
            lastError = TRANS("The input and output devices don't share a common sample rate!");
            return lastError;
        }

        currentBufferSizeSamples  = bufferSizeSamples <= 0 ? defaultBufferSize : jmax (bufferSizeSamples, minBufferSize);
        currentSampleRate         = sampleRate > 0 ? sampleRate : defaultSampleRate;
        lastKnownInputChannels    = inputChannels;
        lastKnownOutputChannels   = outputChannels;

        if (inputDevice != nullptr && ! inputDevice->open (currentSampleRate, inputChannels, bufferSizeSamples))
        {
            lastError = TRANS("Couldn't open the input device!");
            return lastError;
        }

        if (outputDevice != nullptr && ! outputDevice->open (currentSampleRate, outputChannels, bufferSizeSamples))
        {
            close();
            lastError = TRANS("Couldn't open the output device!");
            return lastError;
        }

        if (useExclusiveMode)
        {
            // This is to make sure that the callback uses actualBufferSize in case of exclusive mode
            if (inputDevice != nullptr && outputDevice != nullptr && inputDevice->actualBufferSize != outputDevice->actualBufferSize)
            {
                close();
                lastError = TRANS("Couldn't open the output device (buffer size mismatch)");
                return lastError;
            }

            currentBufferSizeSamples = outputDevice != nullptr ? outputDevice->actualBufferSize
                                                               : inputDevice->actualBufferSize;
        }

        if (inputDevice != nullptr)   ResetEvent (inputDevice->clientEvent);
        if (outputDevice != nullptr)  ResetEvent (outputDevice->clientEvent);

        startThread (8);
        Thread::sleep (5);

        if (inputDevice != nullptr && inputDevice->client != nullptr)
        {
            latencyIn = (int) (inputDevice->latencySamples + currentBufferSizeSamples);

            if (! inputDevice->start (currentBufferSizeSamples))
            {
                close();
                lastError = TRANS("Couldn't start the input device!");
                return lastError;
            }
        }

        if (outputDevice != nullptr && outputDevice->client != nullptr)
        {
            latencyOut = (int) (outputDevice->latencySamples + currentBufferSizeSamples);

            if (! outputDevice->start())
            {
                close();
                lastError = TRANS("Couldn't start the output device!");
                return lastError;
            }
        }

        isOpen_ = true;
        return lastError;
    }

    void close() override
    {
        stop();
        signalThreadShouldExit();

        if (inputDevice != nullptr)   SetEvent (inputDevice->clientEvent);
        if (outputDevice != nullptr)  SetEvent (outputDevice->clientEvent);

        stopThread (5000);

        if (inputDevice != nullptr)   inputDevice->close();
        if (outputDevice != nullptr)  outputDevice->close();

        isOpen_ = false;
    }

    bool isOpen() override       { return isOpen_ && isThreadRunning(); }
    bool isPlaying() override    { return isStarted && isOpen_ && isThreadRunning(); }

    void start (AudioIODeviceCallback* call) override
    {
        if (isOpen_ && call != nullptr && ! isStarted)
        {
            if (! isThreadRunning())
            {
                // something's gone wrong and the thread's stopped..
                isOpen_ = false;
                return;
            }

            call->audioDeviceAboutToStart (this);

            const ScopedLock sl (startStopLock);
            callback = call;
            isStarted = true;
        }
    }

    void stop() override
    {
        if (isStarted)
        {
            AudioIODeviceCallback* const callbackLocal = callback;

            {
                const ScopedLock sl (startStopLock);
                isStarted = false;
            }

            if (callbackLocal != nullptr)
                callbackLocal->audioDeviceStopped();
        }
    }

    void setMMThreadPriority()
    {
        DynamicLibrary dll ("avrt.dll");
        JUCE_LOAD_WINAPI_FUNCTION (dll, AvSetMmThreadCharacteristicsW, avSetMmThreadCharacteristics, HANDLE, (LPCWSTR, LPDWORD))
        JUCE_LOAD_WINAPI_FUNCTION (dll, AvSetMmThreadPriority, avSetMmThreadPriority, HANDLE, (HANDLE, AVRT_PRIORITY))

        if (avSetMmThreadCharacteristics != 0 && avSetMmThreadPriority != 0)
        {
            DWORD dummy = 0;
            HANDLE h = avSetMmThreadCharacteristics (L"Pro Audio", &dummy);

            if (h != 0)
                avSetMmThreadPriority (h, AVRT_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
        }
    }

    void run() override
    {
        setMMThreadPriority();

        const int bufferSize        = currentBufferSizeSamples;
        const int numInputBuffers   = getActiveInputChannels().countNumberOfSetBits();
        const int numOutputBuffers  = getActiveOutputChannels().countNumberOfSetBits();
        bool sampleRateHasChanged = false;

        AudioSampleBuffer ins  (jmax (1, numInputBuffers),  bufferSize + 32);
        AudioSampleBuffer outs (jmax (1, numOutputBuffers), bufferSize + 32);
        float** const inputBuffers  = ins.getArrayOfWritePointers();
        float** const outputBuffers = outs.getArrayOfWritePointers();
        ins.clear();
        outs.clear();

        while (! threadShouldExit())
        {
            if (inputDevice != nullptr)
            {
                if (outputDevice == nullptr)
                {
                    if (WaitForSingleObject (inputDevice->clientEvent, 1000) == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
                        break;

                    inputDevice->handleDeviceBuffer();

                    if (inputDevice->getNumSamplesInReservoir() < bufferSize)
                        continue;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (useExclusiveMode && WaitForSingleObject (inputDevice->clientEvent, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
                        inputDevice->handleDeviceBuffer();
                }

                inputDevice->copyBuffersFromReservoir (inputBuffers, numInputBuffers, bufferSize);

                if (inputDevice->sampleRateHasChanged)
                {
                    sampleRateHasChanged = true;
                    sampleRateChangedByOutput = false;
                }
            }

            {
                const ScopedTryLock sl (startStopLock);

                if (sl.isLocked() && isStarted)
                    callback->audioDeviceIOCallback (const_cast<const float**> (inputBuffers), numInputBuffers,
                                                     outputBuffers, numOutputBuffers, bufferSize);
                else
                    outs.clear();
            }

            if (outputDevice != nullptr)
            {
                // Note that this function is handed the input device so it can check for the event and make sure
                // the input reservoir is filled up correctly even when bufferSize > device actualBufferSize
                outputDevice->copyBuffers (const_cast<const float**> (outputBuffers), numOutputBuffers, bufferSize, inputDevice, *this);

                if (outputDevice->sampleRateHasChanged)
                {
                    sampleRateHasChanged = true;
                    sampleRateChangedByOutput = true;
                }
            }

            if (sampleRateHasChanged)
            {
                triggerAsyncUpdate();
                break; // Quit the thread... will restart it later!
            }
        }
    }

    //==============================================================================
    String outputDeviceId, inputDeviceId;
    String lastError;

private:
    // Device stats...
    ScopedPointer<WASAPIInputDevice> inputDevice;
    ScopedPointer<WASAPIOutputDevice> outputDevice;
    const bool useExclusiveMode;
    double defaultSampleRate;
    int minBufferSize, defaultBufferSize;
    int latencyIn, latencyOut;
    Array<double> sampleRates;
    Array<int> bufferSizes;

    // Active state...
    bool isOpen_, isStarted;
    int currentBufferSizeSamples;
    double currentSampleRate;
    bool sampleRateChangedByOutput;

    AudioIODeviceCallback* callback;
    CriticalSection startStopLock;

    BigInteger lastKnownInputChannels, lastKnownOutputChannels;

    //==============================================================================
    bool createDevices()
    {
        ComSmartPtr<IMMDeviceEnumerator> enumerator;
        if (! check (enumerator.CoCreateInstance (__uuidof (MMDeviceEnumerator))))
            return false;

        ComSmartPtr<IMMDeviceCollection> deviceCollection;
        if (! check (enumerator->EnumAudioEndpoints (eAll, DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE, deviceCollection.resetAndGetPointerAddress())))
            return false;

        UINT32 numDevices = 0;
        if (! check (deviceCollection->GetCount (&numDevices)))
            return false;

        for (UINT32 i = 0; i < numDevices; ++i)
        {
            ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice> device;
            if (! check (deviceCollection->Item (i, device.resetAndGetPointerAddress())))
                continue;

            const String deviceId (getDeviceID (device));
            if (deviceId.isEmpty())
                continue;

            const EDataFlow flow = getDataFlow (device);

            if (deviceId == inputDeviceId && flow == eCapture)
                inputDevice = new WASAPIInputDevice (device, useExclusiveMode);
            else if (deviceId == outputDeviceId && flow == eRender)
                outputDevice = new WASAPIOutputDevice (device, useExclusiveMode);
        }

        return (outputDeviceId.isEmpty() || (outputDevice != nullptr && outputDevice->isOk()))
            && (inputDeviceId.isEmpty() || (inputDevice != nullptr && inputDevice->isOk()));
    }

    //==============================================================================
    void handleAsyncUpdate() override
    {
        stop();

        outputDevice = nullptr;
        inputDevice = nullptr;
        initialise();

        open (lastKnownInputChannels, lastKnownOutputChannels,
              getChangedSampleRate(), currentBufferSizeSamples);

        start (callback);
    }

    double getChangedSampleRate() const
    {
        if (outputDevice != nullptr && sampleRateChangedByOutput)
            return outputDevice->defaultSampleRate;

        if (inputDevice != nullptr && ! sampleRateChangedByOutput)
            return inputDevice->defaultSampleRate;

        return 0.0;
    }

    //==============================================================================
    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (WASAPIAudioIODevice)
};


//==============================================================================
class WASAPIAudioIODeviceType  : public AudioIODeviceType,
                                 private DeviceChangeDetector
{
public:
    WASAPIAudioIODeviceType (bool exclusive)
        : AudioIODeviceType (exclusive ? "Windows Audio (Exclusive Mode)" : "Windows Audio"),
          DeviceChangeDetector (L"Windows Audio"),
          exclusiveMode (exclusive),
          hasScanned (false)
    {
    }

    ~WASAPIAudioIODeviceType()
    {
        if (notifyClient != nullptr)
            enumerator->UnregisterEndpointNotificationCallback (notifyClient);
    }

    //==============================================================================
    void scanForDevices()
    {
        hasScanned = true;

        outputDeviceNames.clear();
        inputDeviceNames.clear();
        outputDeviceIds.clear();
        inputDeviceIds.clear();

        scan (outputDeviceNames, inputDeviceNames,
              outputDeviceIds, inputDeviceIds);
    }

    StringArray getDeviceNames (bool wantInputNames) const
    {
        jassert (hasScanned); // need to call scanForDevices() before doing this

        return wantInputNames ? inputDeviceNames
                              : outputDeviceNames;
    }

    int getDefaultDeviceIndex (bool /*forInput*/) const
    {
        jassert (hasScanned); // need to call scanForDevices() before doing this
        return 0;
    }

    int getIndexOfDevice (AudioIODevice* device, bool asInput) const
    {
        jassert (hasScanned); // need to call scanForDevices() before doing this

        if (WASAPIAudioIODevice* const d = dynamic_cast<WASAPIAudioIODevice*> (device))
            return asInput ? inputDeviceIds.indexOf (d->inputDeviceId)
                           : outputDeviceIds.indexOf (d->outputDeviceId);

        return -1;
    }

    bool hasSeparateInputsAndOutputs() const    { return true; }

    AudioIODevice* createDevice (const String& outputDeviceName,
                                 const String& inputDeviceName)
    {
        jassert (hasScanned); // need to call scanForDevices() before doing this

        ScopedPointer<WASAPIAudioIODevice> device;

        const int outputIndex = outputDeviceNames.indexOf (outputDeviceName);
        const int inputIndex = inputDeviceNames.indexOf (inputDeviceName);

        if (outputIndex >= 0 || inputIndex >= 0)
        {
            device = new WASAPIAudioIODevice (outputDeviceName.isNotEmpty() ? outputDeviceName
                                                                            : inputDeviceName,
                                              getTypeName(),
                                              outputDeviceIds [outputIndex],
                                              inputDeviceIds [inputIndex],
                                              exclusiveMode);

            if (! device->initialise())
                device = nullptr;
        }

        return device.release();
    }

    //==============================================================================
    StringArray outputDeviceNames, outputDeviceIds;
    StringArray inputDeviceNames, inputDeviceIds;

private:
    bool exclusiveMode, hasScanned;
    ComSmartPtr<IMMDeviceEnumerator> enumerator;

    //==============================================================================
    class ChangeNotificationClient : public ComBaseClassHelper<IMMNotificationClient>
    {
    public:
        ChangeNotificationClient (WASAPIAudioIODeviceType& d)
            : ComBaseClassHelper<IMMNotificationClient> (0), device (d) {}

        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceAdded (LPCWSTR)                             { return notify(); }
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceRemoved (LPCWSTR)                           { return notify(); }
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceStateChanged (LPCWSTR, DWORD)               { return notify(); }
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDefaultDeviceChanged (EDataFlow, ERole, LPCWSTR)  { return notify(); }
        HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnPropertyValueChanged (LPCWSTR, const PROPERTYKEY) { return notify(); }

    private:
        WASAPIAudioIODeviceType& device;

        HRESULT notify()   { device.triggerAsyncDeviceChangeCallback(); return S_OK; }

        JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (ChangeNotificationClient)
    };

    ComSmartPtr<ChangeNotificationClient> notifyClient;

    //==============================================================================
    static String getDefaultEndpoint (IMMDeviceEnumerator* const enumerator, const bool forCapture)
    {
        String s;
        IMMDevice* dev = nullptr;

        if (check (enumerator->GetDefaultAudioEndpoint (forCapture ? eCapture : eRender,
                                                        eMultimedia, &dev)))
        {
            WCHAR* deviceId = nullptr;

            if (check (dev->GetId (&deviceId)))
            {
                s = deviceId;
                CoTaskMemFree (deviceId);
            }

            dev->Release();
        }

        return s;
    }

    //==============================================================================
    void scan (StringArray& outDeviceNames,
               StringArray& inDeviceNames,
               StringArray& outDeviceIds,
               StringArray& inDeviceIds)
    {
        if (enumerator == nullptr)
        {
            if (! check (enumerator.CoCreateInstance (__uuidof (MMDeviceEnumerator))))
                return;

            notifyClient = new ChangeNotificationClient (*this);
            enumerator->RegisterEndpointNotificationCallback (notifyClient);
        }

        const String defaultRenderer (getDefaultEndpoint (enumerator, false));
        const String defaultCapture  (getDefaultEndpoint (enumerator, true));

        ComSmartPtr<IMMDeviceCollection> deviceCollection;
        UINT32 numDevices = 0;

        if (! (check (enumerator->EnumAudioEndpoints (eAll, DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE, deviceCollection.resetAndGetPointerAddress()))
                && check (deviceCollection->GetCount (&numDevices))))
            return;

        for (UINT32 i = 0; i < numDevices; ++i)
        {
            ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice> device;
            if (! check (deviceCollection->Item (i, device.resetAndGetPointerAddress())))
                continue;

            DWORD state = 0;
            if (! (check (device->GetState (&state)) && state == DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE))
                continue;

            const String deviceId (getDeviceID (device));
            String name;

            {
                ComSmartPtr<IPropertyStore> properties;
                if (! check (device->OpenPropertyStore (STGM_READ, properties.resetAndGetPointerAddress())))
                    continue;

                PROPVARIANT value;
                zerostruct (value);

                const PROPERTYKEY PKEY_Device_FriendlyName
                    = { { 0xa45c254e, 0xdf1c, 0x4efd, { 0x80, 0x20, 0x67, 0xd1, 0x46, 0xa8, 0x50, 0xe0 } }, 14 };

                if (check (properties->GetValue (PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &value)))
                    name = value.pwszVal;

                PropVariantClear (&value);
            }

            const EDataFlow flow = getDataFlow (device);

            if (flow == eRender)
            {
                const int index = (deviceId == defaultRenderer) ? 0 : -1;
                outDeviceIds.insert (index, deviceId);
                outDeviceNames.insert (index, name);
            }
            else if (flow == eCapture)
            {
                const int index = (deviceId == defaultCapture) ? 0 : -1;
                inDeviceIds.insert (index, deviceId);
                inDeviceNames.insert (index, name);
            }
        }

        inDeviceNames.appendNumbersToDuplicates (false, false);
        outDeviceNames.appendNumbersToDuplicates (false, false);
    }

    //==============================================================================
    void systemDeviceChanged() override
    {
        StringArray newOutNames, newInNames, newOutIds, newInIds;
        scan (newOutNames, newInNames, newOutIds, newInIds);

        if (newOutNames != outputDeviceNames
             || newInNames != inputDeviceNames
             || newOutIds != outputDeviceIds
             || newInIds != inputDeviceIds)
        {
            hasScanned = true;
            outputDeviceNames = newOutNames;
            inputDeviceNames = newInNames;
            outputDeviceIds = newOutIds;
            inputDeviceIds = newInIds;
        }

        callDeviceChangeListeners();
    }

    //==============================================================================
    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (WASAPIAudioIODeviceType)
};

//==============================================================================
struct MMDeviceMasterVolume
{
    MMDeviceMasterVolume()
    {
        ComSmartPtr<IMMDeviceEnumerator> enumerator;
        if (check (enumerator.CoCreateInstance (__uuidof (MMDeviceEnumerator))))
        {
            ComSmartPtr<IMMDevice> device;
            if (check (enumerator->GetDefaultAudioEndpoint (eRender, eConsole, device.resetAndGetPointerAddress())))
                check (device->Activate (__uuidof (IAudioEndpointVolume), CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, nullptr,
                                         (void**) endpointVolume.resetAndGetPointerAddress()));
        }
    }

    float getGain() const
    {
        float vol = 0.0f;
        if (endpointVolume != nullptr)
            check (endpointVolume->GetMasterVolumeLevelScalar (&vol));

        return vol;
    }

    bool setGain (float newGain) const
    {
        return endpointVolume != nullptr
                && check (endpointVolume->SetMasterVolumeLevelScalar (jlimit (0.0f, 1.0f, newGain), nullptr));
    }

    bool isMuted() const
    {
        BOOL mute = 0;
        return endpointVolume != nullptr
                 && check (endpointVolume->GetMute (&mute)) && mute != 0;
    }

    bool setMuted (bool shouldMute) const
    {
        return endpointVolume != nullptr
                && check (endpointVolume->SetMute (shouldMute, nullptr));
    }

    ComSmartPtr<IAudioEndpointVolume> endpointVolume;

    JUCE_DECLARE_NON_COPYABLE_WITH_LEAK_DETECTOR (MMDeviceMasterVolume)
};

}

//==============================================================================
AudioIODeviceType* AudioIODeviceType::createAudioIODeviceType_WASAPI (bool exclusiveMode)
{
   #if ! JUCE_WASAPI_EXCLUSIVE
    if (exclusiveMode)
        return nullptr;
   #endif

    return SystemStats::getOperatingSystemType() >= SystemStats::WinVista
                ? new WasapiClasses::WASAPIAudioIODeviceType (exclusiveMode)
                : nullptr;
}

//==============================================================================
#define JUCE_SYSTEMAUDIOVOL_IMPLEMENTED 1
float JUCE_CALLTYPE SystemAudioVolume::getGain()              { return WasapiClasses::MMDeviceMasterVolume().getGain(); }
bool  JUCE_CALLTYPE SystemAudioVolume::setGain (float gain)   { return WasapiClasses::MMDeviceMasterVolume().setGain (gain); }
bool  JUCE_CALLTYPE SystemAudioVolume::isMuted()              { return WasapiClasses::MMDeviceMasterVolume().isMuted(); }
bool  JUCE_CALLTYPE SystemAudioVolume::setMuted (bool mute)   { return WasapiClasses::MMDeviceMasterVolume().setMuted (mute); }